Cancer & Free Radicals In Title Of Scientific Study -- Search Results
Cancer & Biopsy
NLM database Documents
Record 1 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Inhibition of leucocyte migration by cancer chemotherapeutic agents and
its prevention by free radical scavengers and thiols.
- Author
- Szczepanska I; Kopec Szlezak J; Malec J
- Address
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Haematology, Warsaw, Poland.
- Source
- Eur J Haematol, 1988 Jan, 40:1, 69-74
- Abstract
- The exposure of human blood in vitro to a range of concentrations of
adriblastine, hydroxyurea, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine,
cytosine arabinoside and nitrogen mustard induced reduction in leucocyte
migration rate in all drug dilutions under study. The reduction was
dose-dependent. This effect was used to examine the protection of alfa
tocopherol, acetylosalicylic acid and thiourea against drug-induced
cytotoxicity. It has been found that at the suitable concentration of the
protecting agent, a preventive effect of tocopherol against toxicity of all
drugs, except nitrogen mustard, can be achieved. Acetylosalicylic acid
protected the cells against adriblastine, cytosine arabinoside, hydroxyurea
and methotrexate toxicity. Thiourea prevented the toxic effect of
adriblastine, fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, methotrexate and nitrogen mustard.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88137517
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antineoplastic Agents|AI/*PD; Leukocytes|*DE/IM
- MeSH Heading
- Aspirin|PD; Cell Migration Inhibition; Human; In Vitro; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Thiourea|PD; Vitamin E|PD
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0902-4441
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 2 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Free radical generating mechanisms in the colon: their role in the
induction and promotion of colorectal cancer?
- Author
- Blakeborough MH; Owen RW; Bilton RF
- Address
- Biochemistry Division, School of Natural Sciences, Liverpool Polytechnic.
- Source
- Free Radic Res Commun, 1989, 6:6, 359-67
- Abstract
- A hypothesis is presented to account for the dietary induction and
promotion of colorectal cancer. The principal agents are the secondary bile
acids, lithocholic and deoxycholic acids, the vitamin K group and ferrous
iron complexes. These metabolites may interact to subvert the normal free
radical generating mechanisms involved in mucosal defence. Diets high in fat
and red meat and low in fibre support a Bacteroides-dominated colonic
microflora, which both synthesis and utilises vitamin K2 isoprenalogues or
menaquinones as enzyme co-factors. Iron(II) complexes such as haemin from
the breakdown of dietary haemoglobin and myoglobin also serve as growth
factors for these bacteria and provide a rich source of haem-iron for
intestinal uptake. Biliary secretion is stimulated by dietary fat and bile
acids are essential for the intestinal uptake of vitamin K and possibly of
iron complexes such as haemin. In the mature colonocyte, vitamin K and
haemin may initiate redox cycling reactions which liberate superoxide
(O2-.). Bile acids can activate the membrane bound phospholipase to liberate
arachidonate and diacylglycerol. This leads in turn to the production of
more O2-. which can enter the microcirculation and acts as a potent
chemoattractant for the neutrophils that line the lamina propria. The
released diacylglycerol can activate protein kinase C in the neutrophil
membrane to switch on the respiratory burst oxidase system generating yet
more O2-. and may stimulate the proliferation of transformed stem cells by a
similar protein kinase C mediated mechanism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90006921
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Colon|*ME; Colorectal Neoplasms|*ET; Diet|*; Free Radicals|*
- MeSH Heading
- Deoxycholic Acid|ME; Human; Lithocholic Acid|ME; Oxidation-Reduction;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Vitamin K|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 8755-0199
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 3 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- DNA ploidy, Gleason score, pathological stage and serum PSA levels as
predictors of disease-free survival in C-D1 prostatic cancer patients
submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy.
- Author
- Di Silverio F; DEramo G; Buscarini M; Sciarra A; Casale P; Di Nicola S;
Loreto A; Seccareccia F; De Vita R
- Address
- Department of Urology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
- Source
- Eur Urol, 1996, 30:3, 316-21
- Abstract
- We report our experience with 85 prostatic cancer patients aged 51-79
years, who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy from 1989 to December
1994 (mean follow-up 35 months). In order to get a more relevant analysis we
chose to describe in detail only pathological C-D1 cases and to subdivide
the patients, according to the Gleason sum, into G2-G5 and G6-G10 groups.
Means of pre- and postsurgery PSA levels were ranked by DNA ploidy and
presence or absence of recurrence: aneuploid patients showed lower levels of
PSA production that may be due to cell dedifferentiation. However, in
patients who developed recurrence, postsurgery PSA levels were higher (p
< 0.005). The influence of DNA ploidy on disease-free survival was
evaluated: the cumulative survival proportion was better in diploid (0.3581)
than in aneuploid patients (0.2996). Using the Cox proportional hazard model
with age, Gleason sum, DNA ploidy and presurgery PSA levels as covariates,
we demonstrated that, in our series, only the presurgery PSA level was an
important and significant predictor of recurrences (p < 0.005).
Considering global recurrences with age, Gleason sum and presurgery PSA
levels kept fixed, DNA aneuploidy conferred a relative risk 2.3 times higher
than diploidy. When, in the same analysis, we introduced postsurgery PSA
levels, only DNA ploidy and the latter variable kept statistical
significance with a relative risk of 2.5. Considering only local and distant
recurrences (with exclusion of those identified by elevated PSA levels) the
relative risk was 3.9 and 3.8, respectively. These data support the critical
role of nuclear DNA analysis as predictor of outcome after surgery even in
this discussed subset of patients (C-D1).
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97085878
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA, Neoplasm|*AN; Neoplasm Staging|*; Ploidies|*; Prostate-Specific
Antigen|*BL; Prostatectomy|*; Prostatic Neoplasms|*MO/PA/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Disease-Free Survival; Human; Male; Middle Age; Neoplasm Recurrence,
Local; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Treatment Outcome
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0302-2838
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 4 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Prospects for the prevention of free radical disease, regarding cancer and
cardiovascular disease.
- Author
- Gey KF
- Address
- Vitamin Unit, University of Berne, Switzerland.
- Source
- Br Med Bull, 1993 Jul, 49:3, 679-99
- Abstract
- Free radicals may be involved in the aetiology of cancer and
cardiovascular diseases. In epidemiological studies poor plasma levels of
all essential antioxidants are associated with increased relative risks; in
particular, low levels of carotene and vitamin E with the risk of cancer and
ischemic heart disease, respectively. The studies suggest that for optimal
synergistic protection the plasma antioxidant levels should simultaneously
exceed the threshold values of 28-30 mumol/l lipid-standardized vitamin E,
40-50 mumol/l vitamin C, 0.4-0.5 mumol/l carotene and 2.2-2.8 mumol/l
lipid-standardized vitamin A. However the preventive efficacy of an optional
antioxidant status is still to be proven in randomized intervention trials.
Although these antioxidant micronutrients may be the primary protective
components of vegetable-rich 'preventive' diets, the potentials of other
plant components await exploration, eg carotenoids other than beta-carotene,
bioflavonoids and oxygen-sensitive B-vitamins.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94036055
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antioxidants|AN/*TU; Cardiovascular Diseases|*PC; Neoplasms|*PC
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Female; Human; Male; Middle Age;
Prospective Studies
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0007-1420
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 5 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Dementia in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: implication of free
radical injury and relevance to Alzheimer disease.
- Author
- Backon J
- Address
- Mount Pleasant Hospital Addiction Study Foundation, Lynn, MA.
- Source
- Med Hypotheses, 1991 Jun, 35:2, 146-7
- Abstract
- A number of neurological disorders including Alzheimer and Parkinson
disease have been suggested to be caused by processes leading to lipid
peroxidation. Other theories implicate the accumulation of damaged DNA,
resulting from a defect in DNA repair, in the pathogenesis of these
disorders. I suggest that these theories might be related, since the hydroxy
free radical is known to attack DNA and inactivate enzymes so that oxygen
metabolism has the potential to interfere with the maintenance of genomic
integrity. Since psychometric intelligence correlates highly with
erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity, a free radical scavenger,
perhaps this might explain the marked intellectual impairment caused by
chemotherapeutic agents such as cytosine arabinoside, as well as in
Alzheimer disease.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 91367150
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antineoplastic Agents|*AE; Dementia|*ET
- MeSH Heading
- Alzheimer Disease|ET; Free Radicals; Human; Models, Biological;
Neoplasms|CO/DT
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0306-9877
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 6 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Prediction of post-radical prostatectomy pathological outcome for stage
T1c prostate cancer with percent free prostate specific antigen: a
prospective multicenter clinical trial.
- Author
- Southwick PC; Catalona WJ; Partin AW; Slawin KM; Brawer MK; Flanigan RC;
Patel A; Richie JP; Walsh PC; Scardino PT; Lange PH; Gasior GH; Parson RE;
Loveland KG
- Address
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
- Source
- J Urol, 1999 Oct, 162:4, 1346-51
- Abstract
- PURPOSE: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) exists in bound (complexed) and
unbound (free) forms in serum. The percentage of free PSA enhances the
specificity of PSA testing for prostate cancer detection. We evaluated the
use of percent free PSA preoperatively to predict pathological stage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 379 men with prostate cancer and 394 with
benign prostatic disease 50 to 75 years old were enrolled in this
prospective study at 7 medical centers. All subjects had a palpably benign
prostate gland, serum PSA 4.0 to 10.0 ng./ml. and a histologically confirmed
diagnosis. The Hybritech Tandem PSA and free PSA assays were used. Of the
379 cancer patients 268 (71%) underwent radical prostatectomy. RESULTS:
Higher percent free PSA levels were associated with more favorable
histopathological findings in prostatectomy specimens. A value of 15% free
PSA provided the greatest discrimination in predicting favorable
pathological outcome. Organ confined cancer, Gleason sum less than 7 and
small tumors (10% or less involvement of the prostate) were noted in 75% of
patients with greater than 15% and only 34% with 15% or less free PSA
(p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed percent
free PSA to be the strongest predictor of postoperative pathological outcome
(odds ratio 2.25), followed by biopsy Gleason sum (2.06) and patient age
(1.35). Total PSA was not predictive in this cohort but has been shown in
prior studies to be predictive of outcome when a broader range of PSA values
is evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Percent free PSA may be used for risk assessment
of the presence (diagnosis) and stage of prostate cancer in men with PSA
between 4 and 10 ng./ml. Percent free PSA may be combined with PSA, digital
rectal examination and biopsy findings to help predict postoperative
pathological stage and grade, and may assist the patient and physician in
making more informed treatment decisions.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99419943
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Prostate-Specific Antigen|*BL; Prostatectomy|*; Prostatic Neoplasms|*BL/*PA/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Human; Male; Middle Age; Neoplasm Staging; Postoperative Care;
Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; MULTICENTER STUDY
- ISSN
- 0022-5347
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 7 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Oxygen-derived free-radical scavengers prolong survival in gastric cancer.
- Author
- Salim AS
- Address
- University Department of Surgery, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq.
- Source
- Chemotherapy, 1992, 38:2, 135-44
- Abstract
- The influence of oxygen-derived free radical scavengers on survival in
gastric cancer, with serosal invasion and metastases to the lymph nodes
surrounding the stomach, was assessed in a prospective randomized controlled
double-blind trial conducted for 5 years. To this end, allopurinol (inhibits
the enzyme xanthine oxidase which is responsible for the formation of
superoxide radicals and scavengers hydroxyl radicals) and dimethyl
sulphoxide (DMSO; scavengers hydroxyl radicals) were used. Following
potentially curative distal two-thirds partial gastrectomy, 228 patients
making an uneventful recovery from surgery were randomized to the control
group or to receive allopurinol (50 mg by mouth 4 times a day) or DMSO (500
mg by mouth 4 times a day). In 160 fully evaluable patients who were studied
for 5 years, allopurinol and DMSO incurred a significant (p less than 0.01)
survival advantage over the whole period of study. The similarity in
efficacy between allopurinol and DMSO and the fact that the only action they
share is scavenging oxyradicals suggest that these radicals mediate the
aggressiveness of gastric cancer by producing tissue damage, thus allowing
the cancer to spread. Consequently, oxygen-derived free radicals are
implicated in the mechanism of gastric cancer, and removing them provides
patients with a survival advantage.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 92274687
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Allopurinol|*TU; Carcinoma|DT/*MO/SU; Dimethyl Sulfoxide|*TU; Free Radical
Scavengers|*; Stomach Neoplasms|DT/*MO/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Comparative Study; Double-Blind Method; Female; Human; Male;
Middle Age
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- ISSN
- 0009-3157
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 8 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Oxygen-derived free-radical scavengers prolong survival in colonic cancer.
- Author
- Salim AS
- Address
- University Department of Surgery, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq.
- Source
- Chemotherapy, 1992, 38:2, 127-34
- Abstract
- The influence of scavengers of oxygen-derived free radicals on survival in
colonic cancer was studied. Following curative surgery for carcinoma of the
sigmoid colon at Dukes' stage C, 198 patients making an uneventful recovery
from surgery were randomized to the control group or to receive allopurinol
(50 mg orally 4 times a day) or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO, 500 mg orally 4
times a day). In 144 fully evaluable patients who were studied for 5 years,
allopurinol and DMSO incurred a significant (p less than 0.01) survival
advantage over the whole period of study. The similarity in efficacy between
allopurinol and DMSO and the fact that the only action they share is
scavenging oxyradicals, suggest that these radicals are implicated in the
detrimental effects of malignancy and that removing them provides a survival
advantage in patients bearing colonic carcinoma.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 92274686
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Allopurinol|*TU; Carcinoma|DT/*MO/SU; Dimethyl Sulfoxide|*TU; Free Radical
Scavengers|*; Sigmoid Neoplasms|DT/*MO/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Human; Male; Middle Age;
Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Survival Rate
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- ISSN
- 0009-3157
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 9 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- NTBN, a free radical spin trap induces programmed cell death in human
pancreatic cancer (PANC-1) cells.
- Author
- Anderson KM; Seed T; Alrefai W; Ou D; Harris JE
- Address
- Department of Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Il. 60612, USA.
Kanderso@Rush.Edu
- Source
- Anticancer Res, 1998 Sep, 18:5A, 3213-22
- Abstract
- N-tertiary butyl-a-phenylnitrone, a free radical spin trap at > or = 10
mM concentration, inhibited proliferation and reduced the viability of human
pancreatic cancer (Panc-1) cells. The drug concentration determined the
extent of inhibition, and with continued culture a proportion of the cells
detached, most of which stained with trypan blue. Although hypodiploid cells
were detected by flow cytometry of cells cultured with 20 mM NTBN, DNA
laddering was absent and the TUNEL reaction negative. "Dark" cells
present in samples cultured with 10 mM NTBN exhibited decreased cytoplasmic
volume and increased staining with methylene blue and azure II, but lacked
characteristic nuclear changes of type 1 programmed cell death. Cells
cultured with > 10 mM of the spin trap exhibited nuclear and cytoplasmic
changes more consistent with a non-type 1, type 2 variant of PCD with
extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization. Careful analysis revealed evidence of
marked pinocytosis in some cells. In view of the spin-trap associated
pinocytosis, augmented uptake of chemotherapy in affected cells might be
anticipated, but additive, synergistic or antagonistic interactions between
NTBN and 5-fluorouracil were not observed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99075982
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Apoptosis|*/GE; Nitrogen Oxides|AD/*PD; Spin Labels|*
- MeSH Heading
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic|PD; Cell Division|DE; Drug Synergism; DNA
Fragmentation; DNA, Neoplasm|DE; Flow Cytometry; Fluorouracil|PD; Human;
Pancreatic Neoplasms|PA; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Tumor Cells, Cultured|DE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0250-7005
- Country of Publication
- GREECE
Record 10 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- New directions for free radical cancer research and medical applications.
- Author
- Hahn SM; Krishna CM; Mitchell JB
- Address
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
- Source
- Adv Exp Med Biol, 1994, 366:, 241-51
- Abstract
- The nitroxides are stable, low molecular weight free radical compounds
which are freely membrane permeable. These properties make the nitroxides
valuable for the study of and possible protection against oxidative
stresses. It is becoming increasingly clear that oxidative stress is
important to the pathogenesis of cancer as well as to the development of
treatments for cancer. Several nitroxides have been shown to interrupt the
toxicity of oxidative stress with the protection against H2O2 toxicity and
possibly ischemia/reperfusion injury being of primary importance. With
respect to radiation, the nitroxides have afforded both in vitro and in vivo
protection. The redox activity of the nitroxides may allow for the
differential activity of these agents in normal versus tumor tissues.
Further study of these compounds may yield a nitroxide with clinical
applications as well as provide insight into the mechanisms of radiation
cytotoxicity. Finally, the nitroxides have allowed us to explore the
mechanisms of action of several chemotherapeutic agents. Understanding these
processes is important to the process of ameliorating the toxicity of
therapies and to the rationale design of future agents.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95289165
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antioxidants|*PD/TU; Cyclic N-Oxides|*PD; Neoplasms|*DT/*PC;
Radiation-Protective Agents|*PD/TU
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Line; Cell Survival|DE; Free Radical Scavengers|PD; Free
Radicals; Human; Spin Labels
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0065-2598
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 11 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Independent predictors of response and disease-free survival in oral
cancer treated with radical radiation therapy.
- Author
- Nair MK; Sankaranarayanan R; Krishnan E; Padmanabhan TK; Mayadevi S;
Mathew A
- Address
- Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India.
- Source
- Cancer, 1992 May, 69:9, 2221-6
- Abstract
- There have been no reports concerning the independent predictors of
response and disease-free survival (DFS) in oral cancer in India, where the
highest incidence is reported. The authors analyzed the outcome of radical
radiation therapy of 378 patients with oral cancer and found that the
complete response rate within 6 months of completion of treatment was 45%
and the 5-year DFS was 34% (95% confidence interval 29% to 39%). Regional
lymph node involvement (P less than 0.001), histologic type (P less than
0.01), and the intraoral site of lesion (P less than 0.025) were identified
as independent predictors of response when adjusted in a forward stepwise
logistic regression analysis. The Cox proportional hazards regression
analysis revealed that regional lymph node involvement (P less than 0.001)
and histologic type (P less than 0.05) were independent prognostic factors
for DFS. Patients with fixed regional lymph node involvement demonstrated a
relative risk (RR) of 2.4 compared with those with N0 disease. Patients with
well-differentiated squamous carcinoma had an RR of 2, and those with other
histologic types (other than verrucous carcinoma) had an RR of 1.5.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 92224125
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|MO/*RT; Mouth Neoplasms|MO/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Comparative Study; Female;
Follow-Up Studies; Human; Lymphatic Metastasis|PA; Male; Middle Age;
Multivariate Analysis; Prognosis; Sex Factors; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-543X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 12 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Percent free prostate-specific antigen values in men with recurrent
prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
- Author
- Wojno KJ; Vashi AR; Schellhammer PF; Wright GL Jr; Montie JE
- Address
- Section of Urology, Universtity of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0054, USA.
- Source
- Urology, 1998 Sep, 52:3, 474-8
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Patients with prostate cancer may have more of the complexed
form of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the serum, whereas patients with
benign prostatic hyperplasia have less of this complexed form and thus a
higher proportion of the free form. However, the molecular basis for the
lower percent of free PSA in patients with prostate cancer remains unknown,
and considerable overlap in values exists. We examined this hypothesis in
men with recurrent or persistent cancer after radical prostatectomy. These
men, who have "pure" cancer in that they have no benign elements
to their disease, should have very low percent free PSA values. METHODS:
Forty-six men with recurrent (persistent) cancer as manifested by rising PSA
values (mean [+/-SD] 2.4 +/- 2.5 ng/mL) after radical prostatectomy were
available for analysis. Specimens were analyzed with the use of the Abbott
AxSYM free and total PSA assays. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare
percent free PSA values in this recurrent cancer group with values from a
previously defined population of 413 men (225 with benign disease and 188
with prostate cancer before prostatectomy). RESULTS: Median values of
percent free PSA in the recurrent cancer group (8.4%) were significantly
lower than values in the preoperative cancer (11.7%) or benign (17.4%)
groups (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Among patients in the
"pure" cancer group, 30 (65%) had values less than 10%; however, 4
patients (9%) had values from 1 5% to 1 9%, and another 4 (9%) had values of
20% or greater. Pathologically, patients with higher values (15% or greater)
had aggressive disease. All patients with values of 20% or greater had
evidence of seminal vesicle involvement or nodal disease. CONCLUSIONS:
Although most cancers exhibit low values of percent free PSA, a significant
proportion of aggressive tumors will demonstrate high values. Until this
latter phenomenon can be explained, the widespread use of percent free PSA
to distinguish benign from malignant disease or to stage confirmed malignant
disease should be approached with caution.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 98398232
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|*BL; Prostate-Specific Antigen|*BL;
Prostatectomy|*; Prostatic Neoplasms|*BL/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Male
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0090-4295
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 13 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Increase in free radical generation and lipid peroxidation following
chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
- Author
- Sangeetha P; Das UN; Koratkar R; Suryaprabha P
- Address
- Department of Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta,
India.
- Source
- Free Radic Biol Med, 1990, 8:1, 15-9
- Abstract
- Several anti-cancer drugs are known to bring about their tumoricidal
actions by a free radical dependent mechanism. Majority of the studies
reported that adriamycin, mitomycin C, bleomycin, etc., augment free radical
generation and lipid peroxidation process in vitro. Our results reported
here suggest that following chemotherapy both stimulated and unstimulated
human polymorphonuclear leukocytes generate increased amounts of superoxide
anion and hydrogen peroxide. This was accompanied by increased formation of
lipid peroxidation products as measured by thiobarbituric acid assay. These
results confirm that many anti-cancer drugs augment free radical generation
and lipid peroxidation even in an vivo situation.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90215315
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antineoplastic Agents|*PD; Lipid Peroxidation|*DE; Oxygen|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Child; Female; Free Radicals; Human; Hydrogen Peroxide|BL;
Leukocytes|DE/ME; Male; Middle Age; Superoxides|BL; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0891-5849
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 14 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Prospects for the prevention of free radical disease, regarding cancer and
cardiovascular disease.
- Author
- Gey KF
- Address
- Vitamin Unit, University of Berne, Switzerland.
- Source
- Br Med Bull, 1993 Jul, 49:3, 679-99
- Abstract
- Free radicals may be involved in the aetiology of cancer and
cardiovascular diseases. In epidemiological studies poor plasma levels of
all essential antioxidants are associated with increased relative risks; in
particular, low levels of carotene and vitamin E with the risk of cancer and
ischemic heart disease, respectively. The studies suggest that for optimal
synergistic protection the plasma antioxidant levels should simultaneously
exceed the threshold values of 28-30 mumol/l lipid-standardized vitamin E,
40-50 mumol/l vitamin C, 0.4-0.5 mumol/l carotene and 2.2-2.8 mumol/l
lipid-standardized vitamin A. However the preventive efficacy of an optional
antioxidant status is still to be proven in randomized intervention trials.
Although these antioxidant micronutrients may be the primary protective
components of vegetable-rich 'preventive' diets, the potentials of other
plant components await exploration, eg carotenoids other than beta-carotene,
bioflavonoids and oxygen-sensitive B-vitamins.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94036055
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antioxidants|AN/*TU; Cardiovascular Diseases|*PC; Neoplasms|*PC
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Female; Human; Male; Middle Age;
Prospective Studies
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0007-1420
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 15 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Sensitive prostate specific antigen measurements identify men with long
disease-free intervals and differentiate aggressive from indolent cancer
recurrences within 2 years after radical prostatectomy [see comments]
- Author
- Witherspoon LR; Lapeyrolerie T
- Address
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, Louisiana,
USA.
- Source
- J Urol, 1997 Apr, 157:4, 1322-8
- Abstract
- PURPOSE: Commonly available prostate specific antigen (PSA) assays have
detection limits of greater than 0.05 ng/ml., limiting their ability to
identify residual or recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy
or to provide prognostic information within the first several years after
surgery. We investigated the ability of a sensitive PSA assay to identify
residual prostate cancer and men at risk for early recurrence after radical
prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured PSA in 1,037 serum samples
obtained serially from 127 men after radical prostatectomy using the
IMMULITE third generation PSA assay. RESULTS: The IMMULITE PSA assay has an
analytical sensitivity of less than 0.002 ng./ml. and a clinically useful
decision threshold of 0.01 ng./ml. With this assay our patients were
classified into 3 groups: 1) 50 with a postoperative baseline PSA of less
than 0.01 ng./ml. that did not change during an average of 36 months
postoperatively, 2) 66 with increasing PSA that exceeded 0.01 ng./ml. in all
cases by 30 months postoperatively (20 with clinical cancer recurrences) and
3) 11 with slowly increasing PSA of greater than 0.01 but less than 0.02 ng./ml.
at an average of 36 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The IMMULITE PSA
assay provides clinically useful information not previously available from
PSA assays with conventional sensitivity, which is highly predictive of
cancer activity in patients within 2 years after radical prostatectomy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97223177
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|*BL/*DI; Prostate-Specific Antigen|*BL;
Prostatectomy|*; Prostatic Neoplasms|*BL/DI/MO/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease-Free Survival; Follow-Up Studies;
Human; Male; Middle Age; Sensitivity and Specificity; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-5347
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 16 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Free radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its implication in human
cancer.
- Author
- Kodama M; Kaneko M; Aida M; Inoue F; Nakayama T; Akimoto H
- Address
- Biophysics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo,
Japan.
- Source
- Anticancer Res, 1997 Jan, 17:1A, 433-7
- Abstract
- Multiple components in cigarette smoke were analyzed for their ability to
form active oxygen species using a spin trapping agent, 5,
5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide. The main source of O2 and H2O2 was ascribed
to polyphenols in a particulate phase, whereas a synergistic effect was also
observed between these polyphenols and nicotine. The vapor phase contained a
factor which produced OH from H2O2 which was identified as carbonyl sulfide.
Nitric oxide in the vapor phase did not show such reactivity. The formation
of an active oxygen species in cigarette smoke could provide an important
clue to elucidate the mechanism of tobacco carcinogenesis, since they show
genotoxic effects to induce DNA strand breaks as well as epigenetic effects
to act as cell proliferation signals.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97219390
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Hydroxyl Radical|*ME; Neoplasms|*ET; Smoke|*AE/AN; Tobacco|*
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Hydrogen Peroxide|ME; Superoxides|ME; Volatilization
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0250-7005
- Country of Publication
- GREECE
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