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NLM database Documents
Record 1 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Seeding and perineal implantation of prostatic cancer in
the track of the biopsy needle: three case reports and a
review of the literature.
- Author
- Haddad FS; Somsin AA
- Address
-
- Source
- J Surg Oncol, 1987 Jul, 35:3, 184-91
- Abstract
- Several months (an average of 12.86 months) after perineal
needling of the cancerous prostate for the purpose of
obtaining tissue for biopsy, a tumor nodule becomes
clinically evident in the subcutaneous tissue of the
perineum, at the site of the needling in 0.34% of the cases.
This nodule presents the same histological picture as the
biopsy of the prostatic tumor. This is a review of 15 such
cases (12 collected from the literature and an additional
three unpublished cases, two of which are personal
observations). At the time of needling, no metastases could
be clinically detected in any of the patients; the serum
acid phosphatase was normal in 73% of them. The average age
of the patients was 65.66 years. The perineal nodule was
tender in 40% of the cases; its average size was 2.5 cm.
Excision of the nodule was the most frequently employed form
of management. At the time of reporting, 60% of the patients
were living and well, for an average of 18.56 months after
excision. In order to prevent perineal implantation,
especially in patients who are at risk, it is suggested that
a fine needle be employed to obtain prostatic tissue for
biopsy, and that every possible therapeutic effort be made.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 87256042
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neoplasm Seeding|*; Perineum|*/PA; Prostatic Neoplasms|*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Adenocarcinoma|PA; Aged; Biopsy, Needle|AE/MT; Case
Report; Human; Male; Middle Age; Prognosis; Prostate|PA;
Time Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0022-4790
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 2 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Needle track seeding of primary and secondary liver
carcinoma after percutaneous liver biopsy.
- Author
- John TG; Garden OJ
- Address
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary,
Edinburgh, UK.
- Source
- HPB Surg, 1993, 6:3, 199-203; discussion 203-4
- Abstract
- Seeding of tumour in the needle track following
percutaneous needle biopsy of liver neoplasms is rarely
reported. We describe two such cases following the needle
biopsy of an hepatocellular carcinoma and secondary
colorectal carcinoma respectively. The risk of needle track
recurrence of liver tumours should not be regarded as
insignificant. The diagnosis of liver neoplasms may be
achieved by non-invasive modalities, and their needle biopsy
should be reserved for cases not amenable to surgical
resection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93257372
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenocarcinoma|*PA/*SC; Biopsy, Needle|*AE/IS; Carcinoma,
Hepatocellular|*PA/*SC; Liver Neoplasms|*PA/*SC; Neoplasm
Seeding|*
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Case Report; Colonic Neoplasms|PA; Female; Human;
Ligaments|PA; Male; Middle Age; Muscular Diseases|PA
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0894-8569
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 3 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Cytodiagnosis and other methods of biopsy in the modern
management of breast cancer.
- Author
- Preece PE; Hunter SM; Duguid HL; Wood RA
- Address
- Department of Surgery, University of Dundee, Scotland,
United Kingdom.
- Source
- Semin Surg Oncol, 1989, 5:2, 69-81
- Abstract
- Since 1970 fine-needle aspiration cytology for breast
tumours has grown in popularity and is now routinely used in
the initial diagnosis of palpable breast masses in the
United States and other parts of the world. Fast staining
methods of the aspirate enables reporting within 10 minutes
of the aspirate being performed. Training and experience is
important in obtaining satisfactory smears for diagnosis,
and pitfalls are false-negative and false-positive findings,
which may have dire consequences for the patient if
cytological diagnosis is the final arbiter. Conditions such
as benign mammary dysplasia and sclerosing adenosis are the
most common sources of highly cellular smears and often show
marked atypia, which makes distinction from carcinoma
difficult. Also, atypical papillary formations present a
diagnostic problem, and biopsy is indicated to exclude a
papillary carcinoma. Fine-needle aspirations very seldom
cause traumatic complications, and these are usually of a
minor degree. Seeding along the needle track has occurred,
but in most cases with a larger-caliber (18 s.e.g.) needle.
Aspiration itself has been shown to have no effect on the
survival rates in breast carcinoma. Contemporary reports
show that around 90% of cases of breast cancer can be
detected with confidence by means of this procedure. The
reduction in scar formation facilitates future evaluation of
the patient as scar tissue often interferes with the
interpretation of mammograms. Cost effectiveness is evident
in terms of decreased use of anaesthetics and operating time
and a reduction in the use of frozen section histology by
about 80%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89266375
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|IS/*MT; Breast Neoplasms|*DI/PA;
Cytodiagnosis|EC/IS/*MT
- MeSH Heading
- Diagnosis, Differential; False Negative Reactions; False
Positive Reactions; Female; Human; Sensitivity and
Specificity
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 8756-0437
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 4 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Complications of percutaneous abdominal fine-needle
biopsy. Review.
- Author
- Smith EH
- Address
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts
Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
- Source
- Radiology, 1991 Jan, 178:1, 253-8
- Abstract
- To determine whether the increasing use of percutaneous
fine-needle biopsy of abdominal lesions is associated with
an increase in serious complications, the author updated a
literature search and evaluated a questionnaire (distributed
among selected hospitals in the United States in 1986 and
1987) that followed up a questionnaire distributed in 1983.
The updated literature review revealed a total of 24 deaths
and 20 needle tract seedings. The updated questionnaire
revealed five deaths after 16,381 biopsies (0.031%), whereas
the previous questionnaire had shown four deaths after
63,108 biopsies (0.006%). Two similar European
questionnaires revealed mortality rates of 0.008% and
0.018%, respectively. Of the total of 33 deaths, 21 involved
biopsies of liver lesions; six involved pancreatic biopsies.
Seventeen of the 21 deaths after liver biopsies were
secondary to hemorrhage; five of the six deaths after
pancreatic biopsies were due to pancreatitis. Of the 23
instances of needle tract seeding, 10 occurred after
biopsies of pancreatic malignancies. The frequencies of
needle tract seeding in the four questionnaires were 0.005%,
0.006%, 0.003%, and 0.009%, respectively. Although
infrequent, serious complications may be associated with
this procedure. The author makes suggestions that may help
minimize them.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 91074991
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Abdominal Neoplasms|*PA; Biopsy, Needle|*AE; Neoplasm
Seeding|*
- MeSH Heading
- Europe|EP; Human; Liver Neoplasms|PA; Mortality;
Pancreatic Neoplasms|PA; Questionnaires; United States|EP
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, MULTICASE
- ISSN
- 0033-8419
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 5 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The current role of percutaneous biopsy in the evaluation
of renal masses.
- Author
- Herts BR; Baker ME
- Address
- Division of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH
44195, USA.
- Source
- Semin Urol Oncol, 1995 Nov, 13:4, 254-61
- Abstract
- Percutaneous biopsy of intraabdominal masses is a safe and
accurate means of obtaining a tissue diagnosis without
surgical exploration. It is often sufficient to determine
treatment plans and in many instances, obviates the need for
surgery. Percutaneous biopsy of renal masses has
traditionally had a limited role in the United States.
However, with a recent increase in the detection of small
renal masses because of the widespread use of abdominal
computed tomography (CT), there is an increasing role for
percutaneous biopsy in the management of renal masses.
Percutaneous biopsy of renal masses is indicated to
differentiate between a primary renal cell carcinoma and
metastatic disease in patients with a known extrarenal
primary. Percutaneous biopsy is also indicated to establish
a diagnosis of renal lymphoma and abscess. Complications of
percutaneous biopsy include bleeding, pneumothorax, and
tumor seeding along the needle tract; fortunately, these
complications are uncommon. We will review the indications,
techniques, complications, sensitivity, and accuracy of CT
and ultrasound-guided biopsy of renal masses. Urologists and
radiologists should both be familiar with the indications
and contraindications of percutaneous biopsy to insure the
appropriate management of renal masses.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96167144
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|AE/CT/*MT; Kidney Neoplasms|*DI/SC/US
- MeSH Heading
- Blood Coagulation Disorders|DI; Human; Neoplasm Seeding;
Sensitivity and Specificity
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 1081-0943
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 6 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Evaluation of large-needle biopsy for the diagnosis of
cancer.
- Author
- Roussel F; Nouvet G
- Address
- Laboratoire d'Histologie, Centre Hospitalier et
Universitaire de Rouen, HÈopital Charles Nicolle, France.
- Source
- Acta Cytol, 1995 May, 39:3, 449-52
- Abstract
- The arguments for a choice between a large or fine needle
in the diagnosis of tumors are still unclear. This paper
reviews the advantages and disadvantages of large-needle
biopsy and fine needle aspiration. Reports indicate that
although the procedures have the same diagnostic efficacy,
the risk of tumor seeding is far higher following
large-needle biopsy. For this reason it should be avoided
for the diagnosis of cancer. The risk of tumor seeding after
fine needle aspiration may be reduced by performance through
a cover of normal parenchyma, by maintaining suction during
withdrawal of the needle and by examining samples for
quality during the procedure.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95282546
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|AE/*MT; Neoplasms|*DI
- MeSH Heading
- Abdominal Neoplasms|DI; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic|DI;
Evaluation Studies; Human; Lung Neoplasms|DI; Male;
Mesothelioma|DI; Neoplasm Seeding; Pleural Neoplasms|DI;
Prostatic Neoplasms|DI; Risk Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0001-5547
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 7 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Needle track seeding of primary and secondary liver
carcinoma after percutaneous liver biopsy.
- Author
- John TG; Garden OJ
- Address
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary,
Edinburgh, UK.
- Source
- HPB Surg, 1993, 6:3, 199-203; discussion 203-4
- Abstract
- Seeding of tumour in the needle track following
percutaneous needle biopsy of liver neoplasms is rarely
reported. We describe two such cases following the needle
biopsy of an hepatocellular carcinoma and secondary
colorectal carcinoma respectively. The risk of needle track
recurrence of liver tumours should not be regarded as
insignificant. The diagnosis of liver neoplasms may be
achieved by non-invasive modalities, and their needle biopsy
should be reserved for cases not amenable to surgical
resection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93257372
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenocarcinoma|*PA/*SC; Biopsy, Needle|*AE/IS; Carcinoma,
Hepatocellular|*PA/*SC; Liver Neoplasms|*PA/*SC; Neoplasm
Seeding|*
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Case Report; Colonic Neoplasms|PA; Female; Human;
Ligaments|PA; Male; Middle Age; Muscular Diseases|PA
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0894-8569
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 8 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The hazards of fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
- Author
- Smith EH
- Address
-
- Source
- Ultrasound Med Biol, 1984 Sep, 10:5, 629-34
- Abstract
- Review of the literature and the results of the hospital
survey substantiate the widely held belief that fine-needle
aspiration biopsy is a very safe procedure. However, serious
and even fatal complications, although rare, can and do
occur and it is important to be aware of the possibility and
to take all the appropriate precautions in order to reduce
their incidence.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 85169451
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|*AE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cats; Female; Hemorrhage|ET; Human; Infection|ET;
Male; Mice; Mortality; Neoplasm Seeding; Rabbits
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0301-5629
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 9 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Stereotactically guided needle biopsy of the breast for
nonpalpable lesions.
- Author
- Harolds JA
- Address
- Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73112.
- Source
- J Okla State Med Assoc, 1993 Dec, 86:12, 604-12
- Abstract
- Stereotactically guided needle biopsy of the breast is a
new diagnostic technique in this country to obtain samples
of a nonpalpable area deemed suspicious for malignancy on
mammography. This article is a review of the literature, a
report of a case, and a description of the technique. This
procedure, when performed with a large core biopsy needle,
appears to be about as accurate as surgical biopsy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94172481
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|IS/*MT; Breast Neoplasms|*PA; Stereotaxic
Techniques|*
- MeSH Heading
- Case Report; Clinical Protocols; Female; Human; Neoplasm
Seeding
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0030-1876
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 10 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the liver. Principal
diagnostic challenges.
- Author
- Pitman MB
- Address
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Source
- Clin Lab Med, 1998 Sep, 18:3, 483-506, vi
- Abstract
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the diagnostic
procedure of choice for evaluation of liver lesions.
Although primarily applied to malignant disease, it is also
used in the evaluation of benign conditions. Improvements in
imaging techniques and advances in cytologic
interpretations, as well as production of new biopsy
needles, have all contributed to the rapid increase in
radiologically guided liver FNAB.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 98414788
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|AE/CT/*MT; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|*DI/SC;
Cholangiocarcinoma|*DI; Liver Neoplasms|*DI/SC; Neoplasm
Metastasis|*DI
- MeSH Heading
- Bile Ducts|CY; Diagnosis, Differential; Human; Liver|CY;
Neoplasm Seeding
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0272-2712
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 11 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy in ophthalmology.
- Author
- Midena E; Segato T; Piermarocchi S; Boccato P
- Address
-
- Source
- Surv Ophthalmol, 1985 May, 29:6, 410-22
- Abstract
- When noninvasive techniques fail to confirm or rule out
the suspicion of a malignant lesion, fine needle aspiration
biopsy may provide an efficient, economical and relatively
safe method of obtaining material for cytological study. The
technique may also be valuable for intraoperative
morphological evaluation. Traumatic complications produced
by fine (21-25 gauge) needles are infrequent and almost
never serious, and concerns about tumor seeding through the
procedure have been largely dispelled by recent studies.
Reliable results require a high level of skill in performing
the aspiration procedure and in cytologically examining the
small amount of material obtained. The authors review the
history, applications, techniques and complications of fine
needle aspiration biopsy, presenting guidelines for and
illustrations of its use in specific ophthalmic situations.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 85245202
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|*/AE; Eye Diseases|DI/*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Choroid Neoplasms|DI/PA; Eye Neoplasms|DI/PA;
Human; Melanoma|DI/PA; Methods; Optic Nerve Diseases|DI;
Orbital Neoplasms|DI; Rabbits
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0039-6257
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 12 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Biopsy of soft-tissue tumors.
- Author
- Shives TC
- Address
- Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,
Minnesota 55905.
- Source
- Clin Orthop, 1993 Apr, :289, 32-5
- Abstract
- Biopsy is an integral part of the overall management of
patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. The types of biopsy are
fine needle, trocar, open incision or en bloc excision.
There are advantages and disadvantages of each. Open biopsy
requires strict adherence to a number of surgical
principles. Proper execution requires determination of
appropriate biopsy site, meticulous technique, and close
collaboration with an experienced pathologist. Failure to
adhere to these principles may result in untoward
consequences for patients.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93230764
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy|AE/IS/*MT; Sarcoma|DI/EP/*PA; Soft Tissue
Neoplasms|DI/EP/*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Seeding;
Selection Bias; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography,
X-Ray Computed; Tourniquets|ST; Wound Healing
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW LITERATURE
- ISSN
- 0009-921X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 13 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Does brachytherapy have a role in the treatment of
prostate cancer?
- Author
- Grimm PD; Blasko JC; Ragde H; Sylvester J; Clarke D
- Address
- Tumor Institute Group of Seattle, Washington, USA.
- Source
- Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 1996 Jun, 10:3, 653-73
- Abstract
- The goal of radiation therapy is to deliver a high dose to
the tumor while preserving normal surrounding tissue. For
early-stage prostate cancer, the ultimate conformal
irradiation is to place radioactive sources directly into
the gland either as permanent or temporary seeds. Permanent
seed implantation is capable of delivering two times the
radiobiologically equivalent dose of external beam
irradiation to the prostate and tumor. In the past, the
results of prostate brachytherapy were likely poor owing to
the technical difficulty in accurately placing the
radioactive seeds uniformly throughout the prostate. The use
of low-dose-rate I-125 to treat high-grade cancers probably
also contributed to the poorer results as compared with
external beam irradiation. Over the last 10 years, however,
technologic advances in transrectal ultrasonography,
computer dosimetry, and template-based transperineal
techniques have dramatically improved the accuracy and
consistency of the brachytherapist to place radioactive
sources directly into the prostate gland. Transperineal
ultrasound or CT directed seed implantation has replaced the
older retropubic method. Brachytherapists are now able to
accurately map out the gland prior to the implant and
carefully evaluate preoperatively seed placement. The
availability of such radioactive sources as iodine-125,
palladium-103, and iridium-192 has also given the
brachytherapist isotopes that can be more carefully matched
to the biology and stage of the tumor. More sensitive
definitions of failure have prompted radiation oncologists
and urologists to carefully evaluate the efficacy of
external beam irradiation and surgery. Accurate comparison
of the efficacy of brachytherapy to surgery and to external
beam radiation requires a randomized study. Comparisons of
retrospective studies are fraught with the problems of the
heterogeneous nature of early-stage prostate cancer.
Imbalances in stage, grade, initial PSA extraprostatic
disease, and nodal status of patient groups make comparisons
difficult. Most of the long-term data for permanent seed
implantation are the result of work at a single institution.
These results will need to be repeated at other institutions
treating patients in a similar manner. Because techniques
vary from institution to institution, permanent implant
results will need to be carefully evaluated for technique as
well as stratified for pretreatment variables. Pretreatment
PSA and grade appear to be more sensitive variables than
stage in predicting failure after radiation. As more
patients are diagnosed with very early and nonpalpable
disease, future studies will need to stratify patients based
on these pretreatment factors. Patients with early-stage
disease but identified as high risk for extraprostatic
disease will require more intensive regimens. The treatment
outcomes based on biopsy results are inconclusive. A lack of
consensus on the definition of a truly positive biopsy
remains forthcoming. The value of a positive prostate biopsy
as an outcome predictor for clinical failure is still
unclear. The use of prostate nuclear cell antigen staining
may help clarify the issue. Comparison of treatment outcome
based on absolute PSA is also difficult. The Seattle series
suggest that brachytherapy by permanent seed implantation is
as efficacious as external beam irradiation for early-stage
disease in patients with a low PSA (< 10 ng/mL). As the
PSA value rises above 10 ng/mL, the probability of failure
after external beam rises substantially. Results from the
Seattle series suggest an advantage to seed implant alone or
the judicious application of seed implant boost to external
beam radiation for these patients with more advanced cancer.
The most sensitive measurement of therapeutic outcome is
progression-free survival. Few studies to date have
evaluated progression-free survival.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96369497
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Prostatic Neoplasms|EC/PA/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Biopsy; Brachytherapy|EC/MT; Cost-Benefit Analysis;
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Human; Male; Neoplasm
Staging; Postoperative Care|MT; Treatment Outcome
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0889-8588
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 14 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Local control of prostate cancer with radiotherapy:
frequency and prognostic significance of positive results of
postirradiation prostate biopsy.
- Author
- Scardino PT; Wheeler TM
- Address
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030.
- Source
- NCI Monogr, 1988, :7, 95-103
- Abstract
- The best available data indicate that, although it is
imperfect, the postirradiation biopsy performed at a
sufficient interval after radiotherapy can provide accurate
prognostic information useful in the determination of the
success or failure of radiotherapy in an individual patient
as well as the measurement of overall efficacy of any
particular radiotherapeutic regimen. Needle biopsy of the
prostate was performed routinely in 510 patients with
clinical stage A2, B, or C1 prostate cancer treated with a
combination of radioactive gold seed implantation and
external-beam irradiation. Of the 140 patients who had one
or more needle biopsies performed 6-36 months after
completion of radiotherapy, who had no evidence of local
recurrence or distant metastases at the time of biopsy, and
who had received no hormonal therapy before documented
recurrence of the tumor, 45 (32%) had one or more biopsies
positive for cancer. The frequency of positive biopsy
results correlated significantly with the size of the local
tumor but not with the grade. The correlation between biopsy
results and the eventual development of recurrence was
highly significant. If any biopsy was positive, 60% of the
patients eventually developed local recurrence; if all
biopsies were negative, only 19% developed local recurrence
during the period of follow-up. The poor prognosis
associated with a positive biopsy result was found within
almost every subset of stage, grade, or nodal status
examined although the results varied because of the small
number of patients in some groups.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89014773
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Prostate|*PA; Prostatic Neoplasms|PA/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Biopsy, Needle; Human; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local;
Prognosis
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW LITERATURE
- ISSN
- 0893-2751
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 15 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis and follow-up
of prostate cancer. Consensus Conference on Diagnosis and
Prognostic Parameters in Localized Prostate Cancer.
Stockholm, Sweden, May 12-13, 1993.
- Author
- Andersson L; Hagmar B; Ljung BM; Skoog L
- Address
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Urological Tumors, Karolinska
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Source
- Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl, 1994, 162:, 43-9; discussion
115-27
- Abstract
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and ultrasound-guided
core biopsy using biopty gun both have a high, and
approximately equal, accuracy in diagnosing and grading
prostate cancer. The TRUS-guided technique provides a better
estimation of the tumor extent and to some degree even of
capsular involvement. It is therefore a recommendable part
of the preoperative evaluation when radical prostatectomy is
contemplated. On the other hand, the aspiration technique
usually provides more epithelial cells. It entails a
significantly lower risk of septic complications and of
seeding tumor cells. It has also a lower cost than the core
biopsies. The aspiration biopsy can easily be performed
repeatedly in the follow-up procedure, which is of
particular importance in cases managed with watchful
waiting. We recommend the aspiration biopsy for routine use
in the diagnostic work-up and follow-up. It is essential
that not only the cytologic evaluation but as well the
sampling from the prostate is performed with adequate
expertise.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95116885
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|*/AE/EC; Prostate|*PA; Prostatic Neoplasms|*DI/*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Costs and Cost Analysis; Follow-Up Studies; Hemorrhage|ET;
Human; Immunohistochemistry; Infection|ET; Male; Neoplasm
Seeding; Prognosis; Referral and Consultation; Time Factors
- Publication Type
- CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE; JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0300-8886
- Country of Publication
- SWEDEN
Record 16 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Stereotactically guided needle biopsy of the breast for
nonpalpable lesions.
- Author
- Harolds JA
- Address
- Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73112.
- Source
- J Okla State Med Assoc, 1993 Dec, 86:12, 604-12
- Abstract
- Stereotactically guided needle biopsy of the breast is a
new diagnostic technique in this country to obtain samples
of a nonpalpable area deemed suspicious for malignancy on
mammography. This article is a review of the literature, a
report of a case, and a description of the technique. This
procedure, when performed with a large core biopsy needle,
appears to be about as accurate as surgical biopsy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94172481
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|IS/*MT; Breast Neoplasms|*PA; Stereotaxic
Techniques|*
- MeSH Heading
- Case Report; Clinical Protocols; Female; Human; Neoplasm
Seeding
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0030-1876
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 17 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Perineal prostatic tumour seedling after 'Tru-Cut' needle
biopsy: case report and review of the literature.
- Author
- Ryan PG; Peeling WB
- Address
- Department of Urology, St. Woolos Hospital, Newport, UK.
- Source
- Eur Urol, 1990, 17:2, 189-92
- Abstract
- The prostate gland is being biopsied increasingly
frequently, especially as a result of the visualisation of
suspect areas on transrectal ultrasonography, using a
variety of different needle types. We report only the third
case of tumour seedling in the tract following a
transperineal biopsy of a prostatic cancer with a 'Tru-Cut'
needle. The literature is reviewed with regard to the
characteristics and the incidence of seedling and the
importance of including the perineum in any treatment option
is emphasized.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90184178
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|*AE; Neoplasm Seeding|*; Perineum|*;
Prostate|*PA; Prostatic Neoplasms|*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Case Report; Human; Male; Middle Age; Needles
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0302-2838
- Country of Publication
- SWITZERLAND
Record 18 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Needle-track metastasis after transthoracic needle biopsy.
- Author
- Ayar D; Golla B; Lee JY; Nath H
- Address
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at
Birmingham, 35233-6830, USA.
- Source
- J Thorac Imaging, 1998 Jan, 13:1, 2-6
- Abstract
- Metastasis along the needle track (NTM) after a
transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB) is considered a very rare
complication. A survey of the membership of the Society of
Thoracic Radiology and a review of the English-language
literature were conducted to assess the incidence of this
complication and its predisposing factors and natural
history. A questionnaire was sent to all radiology
departments in the United States and Canada that had a
senior member of the Society of Thoracic Radiology. The
total number of TNB between 1978 and 1993 and occurrences of
NTM were elicited. If an NTM was encountered, information on
the size of the nodule, proximity to the pleura, histology,
size of the biopsy needle, and the interval between biopsy
and NTM and outcome of the patient was elicited. The
incidence of NTM was estimated using binomial proportions.
Results of the literature survey were tabulated to provide
similar information. One hundred sixty-five questionnaires
were mailed and 75 responses were received. Approximately
68,346 TNB were reported. Five departments reported a total
of eight NTM, resulting in an incidence of 0.012%. The
average interval between TNB and NTM was 2.6 months. There
were no predictable risk factors. The outcome was known in
only 11 patients; 4 patients died by the time of reporting
(2 after 14 months and 1 each after 6 and 9 months). From
the results of this survey, the incidence of NTM after TNB
is approximately 0.012%. This small risk is random and
unavoidable.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 98101781
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Biopsy, Needle|*AE; Neoplasm Seeding|*; Thoracic Neoplasms|*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Incidence; Questionnaires
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0883-5993
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 19 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Wound implantation--A surgical hazard.
- Author
- Alagaratnam TT; Ong GB
- Address
-
- Source
- Br J Surg, 1977 Dec, 64:12, 872-5
- Abstract
- A review of the literature on wound implantation
together with a report on an unusual case of implantation
of squamous carcinoma at the site of a gastrostomy is
presented.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 78061586
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neoplasm Seeding|*; Surgical Procedures, Operative|*AE
- MeSH Heading
- Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|ET; Case Report;
Gastrostomy|AE; Human; Male; Middle Age; Neoplasm
Metastasis; Stomach Neoplasms|ET; Tongue Neoplasms|SU
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0007-1323
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 20 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- A review of tumours of the deep lobe of the parotid
salivary gland.
- Author
- Carr RJ; Bowerman JE
- Address
-
- Source
- Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1986 Jun, 24:3, 155-68
- Abstract
- Tumours of the deep lobe of the parotid gland may
present as a swelling in the oropharynx. They are uncommon
when compared with those of the superficial lobe, are
frequently misdiagnosed and subjected to per-oral biopsy
which is hazardous and predisposes to seeding of the
tumour. Investigation and diagnosis are discussed with
particular reference to the role of computed tomography.
The surgical approach to these inaccessible tumours is
illustrated by reference to patients treated.
Modifications to the technique of Cooke and Ranger (1969)
for excision of parapharyngeal tumours are suggested,
which are applicable to tumours of the deep lobe extending
medial to the mandible and presenting in the side wall of
the pharynx.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 86243254
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Parotid Gland|AH/*PA/SU; Parotid Neoplasms|DI/*PA/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Adenoma, Pleomorphic|PA/SU; Adult; Biopsy; Case Report;
Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Human; Male; Osteotomy;
Palpation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0266-4356
- Country of Publication
- SCOTLAND
Record 21 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Liver abscesses due to Staphylococcus aureus in a
patient with AIDS who underwent small bowel biopsy: case
report and review.
- Author
- Gunnarsson G; Friedman LS; Wanke C
- Address
- Division of Infectious Diseases, New England Deaconess
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
- Source
- Clin Infect Dis, 1994 May, 18:5, 802-4
- Abstract
- A 36-year-old man with overgrowth of Staphylococcus
aureus in the small bowel underwent a biopsy of the small
bowel and presented 5 weeks later with multiple liver
abscesses. To our knowledge, small bowel biopsy has never
been associated with liver abscesses. We discuss the
literature on liver abscesses in patients with AIDS and
the risks of bacteremia following upper endoscopy and
small bowel biopsy and propose that the etiology of the
liver abscesses in our patient was seeding of the portal
vein following biopsy of a small bowel that had
significant bacterial overgrowth.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94355517
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections|ET/*MI/PS;
Biopsy|*AE; Duodenoscopy|*AE; Duodenum|*PA; Liver
Abscess|ET/*MI; Staphylococcal Infections|*/ET
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Case Report; Cryptosporidiosis|CO/DI; Diarrhea|CO/DI;
Duodenitis|CO/DI/PA; Fatal Outcome; Human; Intestinal
Diseases, Parasitic|CO/DI/PA; Male; Portal Vein
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 1058-4838
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 22 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Laparoscopic management of cancer patients.
- Author
- Cuschieri A
- Address
- Department of Surgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical
School, Dundee, UK.
- Source
- J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1995 Feb, 40:1, 1-9
- Abstract
- All the reported experience indicates that laparoscopic
staging of tumours provides additional information to the
preoperative work-up. Its diagnostic yield is enhanced by
contact ultrasonography. Staging laparoscopy may avoid
needless laparotomy and permits palliative surgical
treatment, bypass and resection. The major controversy
concerns laparoscopic ablative procedure for potentially
curative cancer in view of the potential but unproved risk
of tumour dissemination and inadequate resection. Until
further information becomes available from experimental
investigations and centralized clinical studies,
laparoscopic curative resections should not be performed
routinely. Laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic
lymphadenectomy appears to be useful by documenting node
positive disease. Laparoscopic hepatic cryotherapy with
insulated needle probes has the potential for control of
secondary hepatic disease not amenable to surgical
resection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95257227
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Laparoscopy|*; Neoplasms|*PA/*SU/TH; Surgical
Procedures, Laparoscopic|*/AE
- MeSH Heading
- Biliary Tract Neoplasms|PA/SU; Biopsy; Cryotherapy;
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms|PA/SU; Human; Liver
Neoplasms|PA/SU; Lymph Node Excision; Neoplasm Seeding;
Palliative Care
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0035-8835
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 23 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Subcutaneous metastasis following laparoscopy in gastric
adenocarcinoma.
- Author
- Cava A; Román J; González Quintela A; Martín F;
Aramburo P
- Address
- Servicio de OncologÆia MÆedica, ClÆinica Puerta de
Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
- Source
- Eur J Surg Oncol, 1990 Feb, 16:1, 63-7
- Abstract
- An 80-year-old male developed ascites as the first
indication of an adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal
junction. Laparoscopy was performed during the diagnostic
study of the ascites and, 7 days later at the point of
introduction of the laparoscope, a metastasis developed in
skin and subcutaneous cellular tissue. This is the third
case of subcutaneous neoplastic implantation following
laparoscopy to appear in the literature. The two
previously described cases dealt with patients with
ovarian adenocarcinoma. The literature reporting cases of
tumor dissemination following technical procedures is
reviewed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90169148
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous|DI/PA/*SC; Laparoscopy|*AE;
Neoplasm Seeding|*; Skin Neoplasms|PA/*SC; Stomach
Neoplasms|DI/*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Abdominal Muscles|PA; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy;
Case Report; Esophagogastric Junction; Human; Male
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0748-7983
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 24 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Detailed preliminary analysis of 125iodine implantation
for localized prostate cancer using percutaneous approach.
- Author
- Kaye KW; Olson DJ; Payne JT
- Address
- Department of Urology, Abbott Northwestern Hospital,
Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Source
- J Urol, 1995 Mar, 153:3 Pt 2, 1020-5
- Abstract
- Recent developments have permitted accurate seed
placement and dosimetry for interstitial brachytherapy of
selected patients with localized prostate cancer. We
present our experience with 76 patients divided into 2
groups. Group 1 included 45 patients with smaller, more
well differentiated tumors, usually less than 2 cm. in
diameter on digital rectal examination or transrectal
ultrasound and a Gleason score of less than 7 who were
treated with 125iodine alone. Group 2 consisted of 31
patients with localized tumors greater than 2 cm. in
diameter and/or a Gleason sum equal to or greater than 7
who were treated with low dose external beam radiation
followed by 125iodine boost 4 weeks later. Complete
clinical progression-free survival, including prostate
specific antigen, digital rectal examination and biopsy,
was 51% for group 1 and 63.3% for group 2, with a mean
followup of 26.3 months. Prostate specific antigen
progression-free survival was 97.7% for group 1 and 94.7%
for group 2. These results appear to be superior to
external beam radiation only although longer followup is
needed to substantiate these favorable early results. The
procedures were well tolerated with good potency sparing.
They were performed on an outpatient or short stay basis
and provided a good alternative to external beam radiation
only or hormonal treatment for select patients with
localized prostate cancer who may not be candidates for
radical prostatectomy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95156646
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brachytherapy|AE/*MT; Iodine Radioisotopes|*TU;
Prostatic Neoplasms|BL/MO/PA/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Combined Modality
Therapy; Comparative Study; Follow-Up Studies; Human;
Male; Middle Age; Prostate-Specific Antigen|BL; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't; Survival Rate
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,
MULTICASE
- ISSN
- 0022-5347
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 25 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Surgical management of conjunctival tumors. The 1994
Lynn B. McMahan Lecture.
- Author
- Shields JA; Shields CL; De Potter P
- Address
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas
Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa, USA.
- Source
- Arch Ophthalmol, 1997 Jun, 115:6, 808-15
- Abstract
- To our knowledge, there are no articles that describe
the specific step-by-step details of the surgical removal
of premalignant and malignant conjunctival tumors. We
describe our current approach to the surgical management
of squamous cell carcinoma (intraepithelial or invasive),
localized melanoma, and primary acquired melanosis of the
conjunctiva. The surgical method differs with limbal
tumors, extralimbal tumors, and primary acquired melanosis.
Limbal lesions are managed by localized alcohol corneal
epitheliectomy, removal of the main mass by a partial
lamellar scleroconjunctivectomy, and supplemental
cryotherapy. Tumors located in the extralimbal conjunctiva
are managed by alcohol application, wide circumferential
surgical resection, and cryotherapy. Primary acquired
melanosis is managed by alcohol epitheliectomy, removal of
suspicious foci, quadrantic staging biopsies, and
cryotherapy from the underside of the conjunctiva. In all
cases, a "no touch" method is used and direct
manipulation of the tumor is avoided to prevent tumor cell
seeding into a new area. We have employed this technique
on 109 patients with conjunctival squamous neoplasms and
137 patients with conjunctival melanoma, about 80 of which
neoplasms were associated with primary acquired melanosis.
Our observations suggest that well-planned initial
surgical management using this technique decreases the
chance of tumor recurrence for conjunctival melanoma and
squamous cell carcinoma. We describe a detailed stepwise
approach to the surgical management of conjunctival
neoplasms. It requires meticulous clinical evaluation and
complete removal of the tumor in one operation using a
specific technique.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97338179
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Conjunctival Neoplasms|PA/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Anesthesia, Local; Biopsy; Human; Medical Illustration;
Melanosis|SU; Neoplasm Staging; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- LECTURES; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0003-9950
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 26 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Scrofuloderma of the lower extremity treated with wide
resection: a case report and review of the literature.
- Author
- Connolly B; Pitcher JD Jr; Roth B; Youngberg RA; Devine
J
- Address
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Madigan Army Medical
Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA.
- Source
- Am J Orthop, 1999 Jul, 28:7, 417-20
- Abstract
- Scrofuloderma is tuberculosis of subcutaneous tissue
that ulcerates and drains through the overlying skin. It
most commonly occurs in the neck from a cervical lymph
node source. Although such lymphatic spread is the usual
clinical picture, there are sporadic reports in the
literature of direct hematogenous seeding of subcutaneous
tissue forming a tuberculoma, or "cold abscess."
Definitive diagnosis requires the identification of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the suspect lesion.
Surgical intervention is necessary in any draining lesion
and should be accompanied by appropriate antituberculous
chemotherapy. Accounts of bone and joint involvement are
numerous, but the orthopedic surgeon must also be aware of
the soft-tissue manifestations of tuberculosis and the
indications for surgery. We report on an immunocompromised
patient who presented with a rare case of scrofuloderma of
the lower extremity, which was treated with wide
resection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99353484
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis|*IP; Tuberculosis,
Cutaneous|DI/DT/*PA/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Antitubercular Agents|TU; Biopsy, Needle; Case
Report; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Human; Leg|SU; Magnetic
Resonance Imaging; Orthopedic Procedures|MT; Tomography,
X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 1078-4519
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 27 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) recommendations for
transperineal permanent brachytherapy of prostate cancer.
- Author
- Nag S; Beyer D; Friedland J; Grimm P; Nath R
- Address
- Prostate Brachytherapy Quality Assurance Group, Clinical
Research Committee, American Brachytherapy Society,
Reston, VA, USA. nag.1@osu.edu
- Source
- Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1999 Jul, 44:4, 789-99
- Abstract
- PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: To develop and disseminate the
American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) recommendations for
the clinical quality assurance and guidelines of permanent
transperineal prostate brachytherapy with 125I or 103Pd.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: The ABS formed a committee of
experts in prostate brachytherapy to develop consensus
guidelines through a critical analysis of published data
supplemented by their clinical experience. The
recommendations of the panels were reviewed and approved
by the Board of Directors of the ABS. RESULTS: Patients
with high probability of organ-confined disease are
appropriately treated with brachytherapy alone.
Brachytherapy candidates with a significant risk of
extraprostatic extension should be treated with
supplemental external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).
Patient selection guidelines were developed. Dosimetric
planning of the implant should be carried out for all
patients before seed insertion. A modified peripheral
loading is preferred. The AAPM TG-43 recommendations
requiring a change in prescription dose for 125I sources
should be universally implemented. The recommended
prescription doses for monotherapy are 145 Gy for 125I and
115-120 Gy for 103Pd. The corresponding boost doses (after
40-50 Gy EBRT) are 100-110 Gy and 80-90 Gy, respectively.
Clinical evidence to guide selection of radionuclide
(103Pd or 125I) is lacking. Post implant dosimetry and
evaluation must be performed on all patients. It is
suggested that the dose that covers 90% (D90) and 100%
(D100) of the prostate volume and the percentage of the
prostate volume receiving the prescribed dose (V100) be
obtained from a dose-volume histogram (DVH) and reported.
CONCLUSION: Guidelines for appropriate patient selection,
dose reporting, and improved quality of permanent prostate
brachytherapy are presented. These broad recommendations
are intended to be technical and advisory in nature, but
the ultimate responsibility for the medical decisions
rests with the treating physician. This is a constantly
evolving field, and the recommendations are subject to
modifications as new data becomes available.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99313206
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brachytherapy|*MT/ST; Prostatic Neoplasms|PA/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Biopsy; Human; Iodine Radioisotopes|TU; Male;
Palladium|TU; Patient Selection; Postoperative Care;
Quality Assurance, Health Care; Radioisotopes|TU;
Radiopharmaceuticals|TU; Radiotherapy Dosage; United
States
- Publication Type
- GUIDELINE; JOURNAL ARTICLE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW;
REVIEW LITERATURE
- ISSN
- 0360-3016
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 28 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Rationale for intravesical chemotherapy in the treatment
and prophylaxis of superficial transitional cell
carcinoma.
- Author
- Soloway MS; Jordan AM; Murphy WM
- Address
- Department of Urology, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
- Source
- Prog Clin Biol Res, 1989, 310:, 215-36
- Abstract
- 1. A thorough evaluation of the urinary tract is an
integral part of the initial management of a patient with
transitional cell carcinoma. The site of all urothelial
abnormalities must be determined and adequate histologic
material obtained and reviewed. The urothelium not
involved by obvious tumor should also be evaluated by
either cytology or mucosal biopsies. All patients with
high grade tumor should have a biopsy from the prostatic
urethra. 2. The clinician should determine the risk of
progression by evaluating the tumor grade, stage, and the
presence or absence of carcinoma in situ. 3. The
likelihood of a recurrence following endoscopic resection
of a superficial bladder tumor ranges from 20% for a
solitary low grade tumor to over 90% for a patient with
multifocal high grade cancer. 4. The reasons for the high
incidence of a subsequent tumor include new occurrences
related to the continued contact of carcinogens with the
susceptible urothelium, failure to completely resect all
tumor, and possibly the implantation of tumor cells on the
altered urothelial surface following endoscopic resection.
5. Intravesical instillation of antineoplastic agents is
capable of reducing the incidence of a subsequent tumor
when used for prophylaxis. These agents are also capable
of eradicating residual tumor. 6. The clinician should
determine whether intravesical therapy is being used for
treatment or prophylaxis. 7. Thiotepa is a relatively
inexpensive and safe intravesical chemotherapeutic agent
which, when used for treatment of existing tumor, will
provide a complete response rate of from 35 to 45%. There
is a suggestion that it is more effective in low grade
than high grade tumors. Prospective randomized trials
indicate that patients receiving Thiotepa are less likely
to develop a subsequent tumor in a given period of time
than patients who do not receive intravesical therapy. 8.
Mitomycin-C will provide a complete response rate in high
risk patients from 35 to 50% when used for treatment of
existing tumor. Approximately 15% of such patients will
progress to muscle invasion if followed for approximately
three years. There are few randomized trials using
Mitomycin-C to determine its efficacy for prophylaxis. 9.
BCG has been used for treatment and prophylaxis of
superficial bladder cancer. It is relatively inexpensive.
The side effects vary with the strain. Several strains
have been used but they have not been compared in
randomized trials. When used for treatment, the complete
response rate ranges from 50 to 65%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
400 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89367401
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antineoplastic Agents|AD/*TU; Bladder Neoplasms|*DT/PC/TH;
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell|*DT/PC/TH
- MeSH Heading
- Administration, Intravesical; BCG Vaccine|TU; Carcinoma
in Situ|DT/PA; Doxorubicin|TU; Human; Mitomycins|TU;
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Seeding; Thiotepa|TU
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0361-7742
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 29 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- An interpretive review of lymphoma of the stomach.
- Author
- Hertzer NR; Hoerr SO
- Address
-
- Source
- Surg Gynecol Obstet, 1976 Jul, 143:1, 113-24
- Abstract
- Lymphoma of the stomach may exist as a primary lesion or
as a manifestation of generalized or systemic lymphoma.
The primary lesions constitute approximately 3 per cent of
all malignant lesions of the stomach and outnumber all
other types of non-epithelial malignant lesions. The cause
is not known. Gross characteristics often resemble
carcinoma, and like carcinoma, the primary lesion may
affect other structures by direct extension, may seed to
peritoneal surfaces, may metastasize to lymph nodes near
or far, and may be borne by the blood to liver, lung or
bone. Diagnosis begins with clinical suspicion by the
physician, is supported by the results of
roentogenographic and gastroscopic studies, and is finally
established by a positive study of biopsy specimens
obtained with or without laparotomy. Improvements in both
gastroscopic instruments and their use promise to increase
greatly the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.
Pseudolymphoma of the stomach, a rare type of inflammatory
lesion, may, on occasion, offer a difficult differential
diagnosis from that of lymphoma. The clinical approach to
the lesion, whether the diagnosis is histologically proved
or not, is the same as for suspected carcinoma. A
laparotomy is usually necessary to determine the
possibility of surgical cure, unless distant spread or
systemic involvement can be established by other means,
such as a distant lymph node containing the disease or a
positive needle biopsy of the liver. When a cure seems
possible, resection is favored by most surgeons, even
though it entails total gastrectomy or multiple organ
resection. Opinion is divided as to whether or not a
curative resection should be followed routinely by
irradiation, although irradiation is generally favored by
palliation of lesions not amenable to resection.
Transgastroscopic biopsy and gastroscopic follow-up study
may permit radiation to be tested as the only form of
treatment of favorable lesions. At the present time,
chemotherapy should be reserved for lesions not controlled
by operation or irradiation. Stage for stage, the outlook
for lymphoma of the stomach is about twice as favorable as
that for carcinoma. No generally accepted classification
of lymphoma exists as yet. Correlations between prognosis
and microscopic characteristics are not close, except for
the generally favorable outlook for lymphocytic lymphoma.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 76224788
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Lymphoma|*/DI/EP/ET/PA/TH; Stomach Neoplasms|*/DI/EP/ET/PA/TH
- MeSH Heading
- Demography; Gastric Juice; Human; Lymphatic Metastasis;
Sarcoma|EP; Stomach Ulcer|CO
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0039-6087
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 30 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Extraneural metastases of astrocytomas and glioblastomas:
clinicopathological study of two cases and review of
literature.
- Author
- Pasquier B; Pasquier D; NGolet A; Panh MH; Couderc P
- Address
-
- Source
- Cancer, 1980 Jan, 45:1, 112-25
- Abstract
- Two cases of intracranial gliomas with extraneural
metastases are described. Case 1, studied with biopsy
material only, was a left malignant astrocytoma from the
area of the rolandic fissure with right cervical lymph
nodes metastases in a 43-year-old man. Case 2 was a left
temporal malignant astrocytoma in a 21-year-old woman.
Fifteen days after craniotomy, a left submandibular lymph
node metastasis appeared. Forty days after surgery, a
ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed. Fifty-four days
after surgery, the patient died. Autopsy revealed three
liver metastases. Our review of the literature consists of
72 autopsy cases with extraneural deposits. Thos
metastases occurred mainly in adults (63/72) and among men
(46/72). The primary glioma was supratentorial in 67
cases. Metastases were mainly pulmonary and pleural. The
majority of patients (82.8%) died within 2 years after
onset of symptoms. In 8 of the cases, metastasis developed
without any craniotomy and in 8 other cases, through a
shunt.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 80089716
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Astrocytoma|PA/*SC; Brain Neoplasms|*; Glioma|PA/*SC;
Meningeal Neoplasms|PA/*SC
- MeSH Heading
- Adolescence; Adult; Aged; Case Report; Child; Female;
Human; Lymphatic Metastasis|PA; Male; Middle Age; Neoplasm
Seeding
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0008-543X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 31 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Port site recurrences after laparoscopic and
thoracoscopic procedures in malignancy.
- Author
- Johnstone PA; Rohde DC; Swartz SE; Fetter JE; Wexner SD
- Address
- Clinical Investigations Department, Naval Medical
Center, San Diego, CA 92134-5000, USA. pajohnst@snd10.med.navy.mil
- Source
- J Clin Oncol, 1996 Jun, 14:6, 1950-6
- Abstract
- PURPOSE AND METHODS: A review of the literature was
performed to determine the number of cases of port site
recurrences (PSR) after laparoscopy or thoracoscopy.
CANCERLINE and MEDLINE were searched, as were citings from
retrieved and related papers. RESULTS: There have been 35
reported cases of PSR after laparoscopic colectomy for
colorectal carcinoma, and 23 cases after thoracoscopic
procedures for lung neoplasms. All of these have been
reported since 1993. Since 1991, 12 cases have been
described after laparoscopic cholecystectomy of
unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma, and another case after
biopsy of a known gallbladder carcinoma. Ten cases of PSR
have been reported after laparoscopic procedures for
ovarian lesions, often in the presence of peritoneal
seeding at diagnosis. Other rare PSRs have been documented
after several procedures in various malignancies.
CONCLUSION: Enrollment of patients onto the ongoing
intergroup study evaluating open versus laparoscopic
resection of colon cancer should be encouraged. Until
valid prospective data on PSR frequency are available,
laparoscopic or thoracoscopic resection of malignancy
off-protocol should be undertaken with circumspection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96243755
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Laparoscopy|*AE; Neoplasm Seeding|*; Thoracoscopy|*AE
- MeSH Heading
- Colorectal Neoplasms|SU; Human; Lung Neoplasms|SU;
Punctures|AE; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, MULTICASE
- ISSN
- 0732-183X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 32 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Extracranial osseous metastases from intracranial
meningioma.
- Author
- Palmer JD; Cook PL; Ellison DW
- Address
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre,
Southampton General Hospital, UK.
- Source
- Br J Neurosurg, 1994, 8:2, 215-8
- Abstract
- A biopsy of a fifth lumbar vertebral lesion confirmed
that an intracranial meningioma had metastasized 12 years
after the diagnosis of the primary tumour. A literature
review reports 25 cases of extracranial osseous metastases
from meningioma. The mechanisms of spread are discussed as
is the role of surgery in the seeding of such tumours.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95000380
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Lumbar Vertebrae|PA/*SU; Meningeal Neoplasms|PA/*SU;
Meningioma|PA/*SC/SU; Spinal Neoplasms|PA/*SC/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Case Report; Craniotomy; Human; Male; Middle Age;
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|PA/SU; Neoplasm Seeding
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0268-8697
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 33 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Food allergy in atopic dogs.
- Author
- Frick OL
- Address
- University of California, San Francisco, USA.
- Source
- Adv Exp Med Biol, 1996, 409:, 1-7
- Abstract
- The food sensitive dog provides a good animal model for
food allergy, whose allergic reaction can be followed
serially with repeated challenges both in skin and by oral
challenges and by endoscopic direct visualization and
serial biopsies. This model is proving useful in showing
reduced allergenicity in food allergens-soy, wheat, cow's
milk by thioredoxin treatment. Recently Dr. Buchanan has
cloned the gene for the NADP-thioredoxin reductase (NTR)
which he transferred into barley seeds with a bacterial
vector. He is attempting to do the same with wheat and soy
seeds to produce genetically hypoallergenic foods. The
canine model for food allergy provides an excellent model
in which to test such bio-engineered potentially
hypoallergenic foods.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97249330
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Food Hypersensitivity|*; Models, Immunological|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Dogs
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0065-2598
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 34 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Surgical management of cancer.
- Author
- Henderson RA; Swaim SF; Hankes GH
- Address
-
- Source
- Mod Vet Pract, 1984 Aug, 65:8, 615-21
- Abstract
- In cancer surgery, operating time, tissue trauma and
other stress should be minimized because circulating
dormant tumor cells may be reactivated by stress,
including that of anesthesia. Rectal polyps and Sertoli-cell
tumors should be removed as soon after diagnosis as
possible. Neutering is recommended to reduce the risk of
certain tumors. Biopsies should contain tissue from the
center and periphery of the lesion. Laparotomy or
thoracotomy may be necessary to visually inspect internal
tumors. Debulking or partial resection of large tumors may
render them more susceptible to chemotherapy or
irradiation. Palliative surgery may be desirable to
comfortably prolong an animal's life. In curative surgery,
enlarged local lymph nodes should also be resected,
hemorrhage controlled and lavage used to prevent
tumor-cell seeding. Complete resection should take
precedence over reconstructing the defect created by
resection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 85036217
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neoplasms|PA/SU/*VE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Human; Palliative Care; Precancerous
Conditions|SU/VE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW
- ISSN
- 0362-8140
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 35 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Testis risk and prognostic factors. The pathologist's
perspective.
- Author
- Ulbright TM
- Address
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of
Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
- Source
- Urol Clin North Am, 1999 Aug, 26:3, 611-26
- Abstract
- Pathologic analysis is invaluable in defining the
levels of risk for the development of a testicular tumor
or for metastasis in a patient with an established
testicular cancer. The identification of IGCNU in
testicular biopsies defines a group of patients at high
risk for subsequent invasive germ cell tumor unless they
are treated by orchiectomy or radiotherapy. This method
for defining the risk for the development of a
testicular tumor is not effective in prepubertal
patients, except for those with intersex syndromes.
Pathologic analysis of testicular germ cell tumors in
patients with clinical stage I disease may allow their
stratification into high- and low-risk groups for occult
metastases. This would provide a rational basis for
recommending intervention or surveillance, respectively.
The precise classification of postchemotherapy lesions
permits an assessment of the patient's risk for
subsequent recurrence and progressive tumor.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99424079
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Testicular Neoplasms|DT/*ET/*PA/SU
- MeSH Heading
- Antineoplastic Agents|TU; Human; Male; Neoplasm
Seeding; Orchiectomy|AE; Prognosis; Risk; Risk Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0094-0143
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 36 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Nonresective treatment of pineoblastoma: a case
report.
- Author
- Patil AA; Good R; Bashir R; Etemadrezaie H
- Address
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska
Medical Center, Omaha 68918-2035, USA.
- Source
- Surg Neurol, 1995 Oct, 44:4, 386-903; discussion 390-1
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Stereotactic biopsy followed by
cytoreductive surgery and/or radiation are the standard
treatment for pineoblastoma. We are reporting a patient
with a relatively large pineoblastoma, who was treated
with a combination of nonresective treatment modalities.
METHOD: The patient is a 20-year-old woman who presented
with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large tumor in
the pineal region and hydrocephalus. She was emergently
treated by placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
Three days later she underwent a stereotactic biopsy,
which showed the tumor to be pineoblastoma. She was then
further treated with the following treatment modalities:
permanent implantation of high activity I125 seeds,
external radiation, and chemotherapy. RESULTS: At 10
months' follow-up, MRI showed complete disappearance of
the tumor. At 18 months' follow-up, the patient is
asymptomatic, neurologically intact, and her MRI scans
show no evidence of intracranial or intraspinal tumor.
CONCLUSIONS: Though the follow-up is relatively short,
the results of the nonresective approach in this patient
have been excellent.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96149528
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brain Neoplasms|DI/*DT/*RT; Pineal Body|*/PA;
Pinealoma|DI/*DT/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Brachytherapy|MT; Case Report; Chemotherapy,
Adjuvant; Female; Human; Iodine Radioisotopes|TU;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0090-3019
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 37 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- A comprehensive review of prostate cancer
brachytherapy: defining an optimal technique.
- Author
- Vicini FA; Kini VR; Edmundson G; Gustafson GS;
Stromberg J; Martinez A
- Address
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont
Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
- Source
- Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1999 Jun, 44:3, 483-91
- Abstract
- PURPOSE: A comprehensive review of prostate cancer
brachytherapy literature was performed to determine if
an optimal method of implantation could be identified,
and to compare and contrast techniques currently in use.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: A MEDLINE search was conducted to
obtain all articles in the English language on prostate
cancer brachytherapy from 1985 through 1998. Articles
were reviewed and grouped to determine the primary
technique of implantation, the method or philosophy of
source placement and/or dose specification, the
technique to evaluate implant quality, overall treatment
results (based upon pretreatment prostate specific
antigen, (PSA), and biochemical control) and clinical,
pathological or biochemical outcome based upon implant
quality. RESULTS: A total of 178 articles were
identified in the MEDLINE database. Of these, 53 studies
discussed evaluable techniques of implantation and were
used for this analysis. Of these studies, 52% used
preoperative ultrasound to determine the target volume
to be implanted, 16% used preoperative computerized
tomography (CT) scans, and 18% placed seeds with an open
surgical technique. An additional 11% of studies placed
seeds or needles under ultrasound guidance using
interactive real-time dosimetry. The number and
distribution of radioactive sources to be implanted or
the method used to prescribe dose was determined using
nomograms in 27% of studies, a least squares
optimization technique in 11%, or not stated in 35%. In
the remaining 26%, sources were described as either
uniformly, differentially, or peripherally placed in the
gland. To evaluate implant quality, 28% of studies
calculated some type of dose-volume histogram, 21%
calculated the matched peripheral dose, 19% the minimum
peripheral dose, 14% used some type of CT-based
qualitative review and, in 18% of studies, no implant
quality evaluation was mentioned. Six studies correlated
outcome with implant dose. One study showed an
association of implant dose with the achievement of a
PSA nadir < or = 0.5. Two studies showed an
improvement in biochemical control with a D90 (dose to
90% of the prostate volume) of 120 to 140 Gy or higher,
and 2 additional studies found an association of
clinical outcome with implant dose. One study correlated
implant quality with biopsy results. Of the articles, 33
discussed evaluable treatment results, but only 16
reported findings based upon pretreatment PSA and
biochemical control. Three- to 5-year biochemical
control rates ranged from 48% to 100% for pretreatment
PSAs < or = 4, 55% to 90% for PSAs between 4 and 10,
30% to 89% for PSAs > 10, < or = 20 and < 10%
to 100% for PSAs > 20. Due to substantial differences
in patient selection criteria (e.g., median Gleason
score, clinical stage, pretreatment PSA), number of
patients treated, median follow-up, definitions of
biochemical control, and time points for analysis, no
single technique consistently produced superior results.
CONCLUSIONS: Our comprehensive review of prostate cancer
brachytherapy literature failed to identify an optimal
treatment approach when studies were analyzed for
treatment outcome based upon pretreatment PSA and
biochemical control. Although several well-designed
studies showed an improvement in outcome with total dose
or implant quality, the numerous techniques for
implantation and the varied and inconsistent methods to
specify dose or evaluate implant quality suggest that
standardized protocols should be developed to
objectively evaluate this treatment approach. These
protocols have recently been suggested and, when
implemented, should significantly improve the reporting
of treatment data and, ultimately, the efficacy of
prostate brachytherapy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99276031
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brachytherapy|*MT/ST; Prostatic Neoplasms|BL/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Human; Male;
Prostate-Specific Antigen|BL; Radiopharmaceuticals|TU;
Radiotherapy Dosage; Treatment Outcome
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW LITERATURE
- ISSN
- 0360-3016
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 38 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Bone metastasis associated with shunt-related
peritoneal deposits from a pineal germinoma. Case report
and review of the literature.
- Author
- Pallini R; Bozzini V; Scerrati M; Zuppi C; Zappacosta
B; Rossi GF
- Address
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University School
of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
- Source
- Acta Neurochir (Wien), 1991, 109:1-2, 78-83
- Abstract
- The case of a 15-year-old boy with a pineal germinoma
is reported. The patient first underwent a
ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt followed by a
stereotactic biopsy, then, because of the rapidly
deteriorating neurological status, an emergency
craniotomy with subtotal removal of the tumour was
performed. Two months after surgery, a left femoral
metastasis and extensive peritoneal lesions became
evident; they were regarded as due to haematogenous and
VP shunt spread of the germinoma. At that time,
extremely high serum levels of placental alkaline
phosphatase were detected. The patient died 6 months
after the initial diagnosis. The occurrence of
extraneural metastases as well as of shunt related
peritoneal deposits from primary intracranial germinoma
is discussed. As far as we know this is the first
reported case of a combination of haematogenous as well
as VP shunt spread of a pineal germinoma.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 91298095
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brain Neoplasms|*PA; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts|*;
Femoral Neoplasms|PA/*SC; Hydrocephalus|PA/*SU;
Peritoneal Neoplasms|PA/*SC; Pineal Body|*PA;
Pinealoma|PA/*SC; Postoperative Complications|*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Adolescence; Case Report; Femur|PA; Human; Male;
Neoplasm Seeding; Peritoneum|PA; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0001-6268
- Country of Publication
- AUSTRIA
Record 39 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Leukemic dermal infiltrate at the exit site of a
central venous catheter.
- Author
- Martino R; Sureda A; Sitjas D; Nomdedéu J; Domingo
Albòs A
- Address
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Hospital de la
Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
- Source
- Haematologica, 1993 Mar, 78:2, 132-4
- Abstract
- This report describes the case of a minimally
differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (FAB M0) diagnosed
in a 55-year-old woman. During a second
chemotherapy-induced complete remission, a subcutaneous
nodule appeared at the scar of a recently removed
Hickman catheter, which when biopsied revealed leukemic
infiltration of the dermis and hypodermis. The patient
had a bone marrow relapse three weeks later. The authors
review similar recent reports and emphasize the
importance of recognizing this particular type of
cutaneous leukemic relapse.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93351956
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Catheterization, Central Venous|*AE; Leukemia,
Myeloid|DT/*PA; Neoplasm Seeding|*; Skin|*PA
- MeSH Heading
- Acute Disease; Amsacrine|AD; Antineoplastic Agents,
Combined|AD/TU; Bone Marrow|PA; Case Report;
Cyclophosphamide|AD; Cytarabine|AD; Daunorubicin|AD;
Etoposide|AD; Female; Human; Leukemic Infiltration;
Middle Age; Mitoxantrone|AD; Prednisolone|AD; Remission
Induction; Salvage Therapy; Tumor Markers, Biological;
Vindesine|AD
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0390-6078
- Country of Publication
- ITALY
Record 40 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Endourological management of upper tract urothelial
tumors.
- Author
- Gerber GS; Lyon ES
- Address
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago,
Illinois.
- Source
- J Urol, 1993 Jul, 150:1, 2-7
- Abstract
- Advances in ureteroscopic and percutaneous techniques
have made it possible to treat many upper tract
malignancies by conservative, parenchyma sparing
surgery. Percutaneous techniques generally allow for
easier and better access to the renal pelvis and
improved tumor resection. However, concerns for tumor
spillage and nephrostomy tract seeding make the
ureteroscopic approach best for initial management of
accessible renal pelvic lesions, particularly when the
diagnosis is unclear. Ureteral tumors, especially those
arising in the lower third of the ureter, are
technically easier to treat endoscopically than are
renal pelvic tumors. Fulguration or laser
photocoagulation may be used to ablate the tumor
following cold-cup biopsy for histological diagnosis.
Supplemental therapy using laser treatment of the tumor
base, and postoperative instillation of BCG and
mitomycin C offer great potential benefit in terms of
improved tumor control. Confirmation of such benefit
awaits the results of larger trials. Presently, standard
nephroureterectomy remains the procedure of choice for
most transitional cell carcinomas of the upper urinary
tract in patients with a normal contralateral kidney.
For those with a solitary kidney, renal insufficiency,
bilateral tumors or severe intercurrent disease
preventing a major open operation conservative
management using endoscopic techniques is a viable
alternative. Overall, it appears that grade and stage
are far more important determinants of long-term
out-come than the type of operation in those with
transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.
For this reason, some physicians have recommended
conservative management of low grade, noninvasive
lesions even in the face of a normal opposite kidney.
However, the majority of patients with upper tract
urothelial tumors are best treated by nephroureterectomy,
which leads to a low risk of local recurrence and
obviates the need for rigorous postoperative upper tract
surveillance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93287305
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell|*SU; Endoscopy|*; Kidney
Neoplasms|*SU; Punctures|*; Ureteral Neoplasms|*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Kidney Pelvis
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0022-5347
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 41 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Hyperreactio luteinalis associated with pregnancy: a
case report and review of the literature.
- Author
- Schnorr JA Jr; Miller H; Davis JR; Hatch K; Seeds J
- Address
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908,
USA.
- Source
- Am J Perinatol, 1996 Feb, 13:2, 95-7
- Abstract
- Hyperreactio luteinalis is a condition associated with
bilateral and, in rare cases, unilateral ovarian
enlargement due to theca lutein cysts. Hyperreactio
luteinalis is a benign condition, usually found
incidentally at cesarean section, which can appear
anaplastic and lead to unnecessary ovarian resection. A
21-year-old Hispanic woman, G2P1, presented at 19 weeks
with a singleton pregnancy, bilaterally enlarged
ovaries, and a normal beta hCG. Over the next four
months, her ovaries increased 75% in size with the right
ovary becoming entrapped in the pelvis. The patient
underwent a primary low transverse cesarean section. The
ovaries had an anaplastic appearance and on frozen
section revealed multiple benign theca lutein cysts.
There are 51 reported cases of hyperreactio luteinalis
associated with a normal pregnancy in the literature. It
is estimated that approximately 60% of the cases of
hyperreactio luteinalis unassociated with trophoblastic
disease occur with normal singleton pregnancy. There are
multiple benign ovarian lesions including hyperreactio
luteinalis that can mimic ovarian neoplasms.
Accordingly, it is important to exclude these from the
differential diagnosis via a wedge biopsy and frozen
section to avoid unnecessary surgical excision.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96230891
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Ovarian Cysts|*/DI/EP; Pregnancy Complications|*/DI/EP
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Case Report; Diagnosis, Differential; Female;
Human; Pregnancy
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0735-1631
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 42 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Primary central nervous system lymphomas--an update
[editorial]
- Author
- Jellinger KA; Paulus W
- Address
-
- Source
- J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 1992, 119:1, 7-27
- Abstract
- Primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSL), until recently
representing about 1% of all brain tumors, show
dramatically increased incidence both in high-risk
groups (immunocompromised, AIDS) and in the general
population. They are extranodal diffuse non-Hodgkin's
lymphomas, the morphology and classification of which
are identical to those of systemic lymphomas, although
PCNSL show different biological behavior and diagnosis
according to the New Working Formulation and updated
Kiel classification may be difficult. The majority are
large B cell variants of high-grade malignancy;
low-grade subtypes and T cell lymphomas are rare. Sixty
per cent occur in the supratentorial space (hemispheres,
periventricular) and 12% in the posterior fossa; 30% are
multiple (50%-70% in AIDS). PCNSL show a male
preponderance with a peak incidence in the 5th-7th
decade (3rd-4th in AIDS). The duration of diffuse or
focal clinical symptoms averages 1-2 months. Computed
tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans show
single or multiple or diffuse, often typical lesions.
Diagnosis is achieved by evaluation of stereotactic
biopsy material or cerebrospinal fluid cytology using
immunocytological markers. Current therapy in
immunocompetent patients, radiation plus corticosteroids
and pre- or postradiation polychemotherapy, shows
response rates of 85% with a median survival of 17-44
months, a prognosis similar to that for glioblastoma.
Meningeal PCNSL is treated with intrathecal methotrexate
or cytosine arabinoside. Transliquoral seeding of PCNSL
is frequent, distant metastases occurring in 6%-8%.
Therapy of AIDS-related PCNSL makes use of radiation and
corticosteroids, and rarely of chemotherapy. The
pathogenesis of PCNSL is unknown, but Epstein-Barr virus
may be a contributory factor.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93016240
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brain Neoplasms|*/CL/DI/EP/TH; Lymphoma,
Non-Hodgkin|*/CL/DI/EP/TH
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Immunophenotyping; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related|TH;
Lymphoma, B-Cell|CL; Lymphoma, T-Cell|CL; Male;
Prognosis
- Publication Type
- EDITORIAL; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0171-5216
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY
Record 43 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Pleural mesothelioma.
- Author
- Astoul P
- Address
- Department of Pulmonology, HÈopital de La Conception,
Marseille, France. pastoul@ap-hm.fr
- Source
- Curr Opin Pulm Med, 1999 Jul, 5:4, 259-68
- Abstract
- The increasing incidence of malignant pleural
mesothelioma (MPM), better knowledge of its pathogenesis
with a strong implication of asbestos fibers, and some
promising therapeutic results have led to a new interest
in the management of patients with this disease. The
diagnosis of MPM is easier because of new
immunohistochemical markers that recognize the
mesothelial cells with good specificity and sensitivity
on pleural biopsy samples ideally obtained by
thoracoscopy. Moreover, this endoscopic procedure allows
the physician to make the diagnosis of MPM at an early
stage, which is the key of the therapeutic management of
this disease. If radiotherapy is necessary in preventing
the malignant seeding after pleural procedures in
patients, the lack of comparative studies did not show
the superiority of a given treatment against another. A
new international staging of the disease, however,
allows physicians to discriminate several groups of
patients for such comparative studies--in particular,
for testing the efficacy of intrapleural therapy, e.g.,
cytokines--for early-stage MPM and multimodal
management, i.e., extrapleural pneumonectomy,
radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for more advanced
diseases, has led to prolonged survival in carefully
selected patients. To reach this target, all patients
must be enrolled in protocols. The usual pessimism for
the management of patients with malignant pleural
mesothelioma is over.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99336036
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Mesothelioma|*DI/EP/*TH; Pleural Neoplasms|*DI/EP/*TH
- MeSH Heading
- Combined Modality Therapy; Female; France|EP; Human;
Incidence; Male; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Survival Rate
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 1078-1641
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 44 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Posterior fossa ependymomas: report of 30 cases and
review of the literature.
- Author
- Lyons MK; Kelly PJ
- Address
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, Minnesota.
- Source
- Neurosurgery, 1991 May, 28:5, 659-64; discussion 664-5
- Abstract
- Thirty patients with histologically confirmed
posterior fossa ependymomas operated on between January
1976 and December 1988 were reviewed. The median age was
44 years (range, 1-69 yr). There were 7 children (aged 5
yr or younger) and 23 adults (aged 16 yr or older).
There were 18 female patients and 12 male patients.
Headache, nausea and vomiting, and disequilibrium were
the most frequent symptoms. The most common findings
were ataxia and nystagmus. Gross total resection was
performed in 8 patients (27%), subtotal resection in 21
patients (70%), and biopsy in only 1 patient (3%).
Tumors were low grade in 73% and high grade in 27%.
Twenty-seven patients underwent posterior fossa
radiotherapy (median dose, 5400 cGy). Fourteen patients
also underwent spinal irradiation (median dose, 3520 cGy).
Age was the only significant prognostic factor
identified (P less than 0.01). The 5-year survival rates
were 76% for adults and 14% for children. All 14
patients who died had recurrent or residual tumor at the
primary site. This review suggests that in patients with
primary posterior fossa ependymomas the following is
true: 1) the young patient (5 yr old or younger) has a
poor prognosis; 2) there was a trend toward a better
5-year survival rate with a gross total resection; 3) if
recurrence occurs, it will be at the primary
intracranial site; and 4) symptomatic spinal seeding
does not occur frequently.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 91343098
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cranial Fossa, Posterior|*; Ependymoma|DT/RT/*SU;
Skull Neoplasms|DT/RT/*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Adolescence; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Brain
Neoplasms|DT/RT/SU; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality
Therapy; Female; Human; Infant; Male; Middle Age;
Prognosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES
- ISSN
- 0148-396X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 45 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Ependymoma: results, prognostic factors and treatment
recommendations.
- Author
- McLaughlin MP; Marcus RB Jr; Buatti JM; McCollough WM;
Mickle JP; Kedar A; Maria BL; Million RR
- Address
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of
Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0385,
USA.
- Source
- Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1998 Mar, 40:4, 845-50
- Abstract
- PURPOSE: To review the University of Florida
experience in treating ependymomas, analyze prognostic
factors, and provide treatment recommendations. METHODS
AND MATERIALS: Forty-one patients with ependymoma and no
metastases outside the central nervous system received
postoperative radiotherapy with curative intent between
1966 and 1989. Ten patients had supratentorial lesions,
22 had infratentorial lesions, and 9 had spinal cord
lesions. All patients had surgery (stereotactic biopsy,
subtotal resection, or gross total resection). Most
patients with high-grade lesions received radiotherapy
to the craniospinal axis. Low-grade intracranial lesions
received more limited treatment. Spinal cord lesions
were treated using either partial spine or whole spine
fields. RESULTS: Of 32 intracranial tumors, 21 recurred,
all at the primary site; no spinal cord tumors recurred.
Overall 10-year survival rates were 51% (absolute) and
46% (relapse-free); by tumor site: spinal cord, 100%;
infratentorial, 45%; supratentorial, 20% (p = 0.002). On
multivariate analysis, tumor site was the only factor
that influenced absolute survival (p = 0.0004); other
factors evaluated included grade, gender, age, duration
of symptoms, resection extent, primary tumor dose,
treatment field extent, surgery-to-radiotherapy
interval, and days under radiotherapy treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with supratentorial or
infratentorial tumors receive irradiation, regardless of
grade. Craniospinal-axis fields are used when spinal
seeding is radiographically or pathologically evident.
Spinal cord tumors are treated using localized fields to
the primary site if not completely resected. Failure to
control disease at the primary site remains the main
impediment to cure.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 98189857
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Ependymoma|MO/*RT; Infratentorial Neoplasms|MO/*RT;
Spinal Cord Neoplasms|MO/*RT; Supratentorial
Neoplasms|MO/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Adolescence; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Child;
Female; Human; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local;
Prognosis; Radiotherapy|AE; Survival Rate
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW LITERATURE
- ISSN
- 0360-3016
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 46 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Current issues in techniques of prostate
brachytherapy.
- Author
- Nori D; Moni J
- Address
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Hospital,
Cornell Medical Center, Flushing 11355, USA.
- Source
- Semin Surg Oncol, 1997 Nov, 13:6, 444-53
- Abstract
- Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the most common
malignancy diagnosed among men in the United States
today. Brachytherapy permits conformal radiotherapy
and dose escalation, and it offers the convenience of
a single-day outpatient procedure which is very
attractive to patients with a busy life-style. The
reported potency preservation rates with brachytherapy
are superior to both external beam radiation therapy (EBRT)
and surgery. The older retropubic techniques have been
replaced by ultrasound or CT-guided transperineal
techniques. Prostate brachytherapy may be temporary or
permanent, and the planning techniques for either
approach are similar. This review briefly discusses
the advantages and limitations of each. Temporary
techniques may be used with low dose rate or high dose
rate applications. The basic steps include assessing
prostate volume by any diagnostic modality (CT or
ultrasonography), determining total activity needed to
encompass the gland and deliver the appropriate
minimum peripheral dose, and determining the pattern
of placement of the seeds within the gland.
Preplanning may be done either by ultrasound or by CT.
The operative technique requires the visualization of
the prostate in three dimensions and is performed
using combination of ultrasound and fluoroscopy or
fluoroscopy in two axes. The New York Hospital
technique employs CT-based preplanning along with
ultrasound and fluoroscopy during the operative
procedure. Special circumstances that necessitate
neoadjuvant hormonal therapy include interference from
the pubic arch and large volume glands. An analysis of
patients with stage T2a disease treated at the New
York Hospital-Queens, from 1990-1995, reveals an
actuarial clinical freedom from relapse of 79% at 5
years and a 5-year biochemical freedom from relapse of
64% which is comparable to that reported for similar
risk groups of disease by other centers. Potency is
preserved in greater than 80% of patients in our
series. Patient selection criteria include the
pre-treatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level,
tumor grade (Gleason), stage of disease, and presence
or absence of bilateral positive biopsies and/or
perineural invasion. Based on our review of the
literature and our clinical results, we have divided
patients with prostate cancer into good, intermediate
and poor risk groups. We recommend brachytherapy as
the sole procedure for good risk patients, and a
combination of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT)
and brachytherapy for the intermediate risk group.
Future avenues for research include a search for
improved imaging techniques and possibly newer
isotopes.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 98023450
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenocarcinoma|MO/*RT; Brachytherapy|*MT; Prostatic
Neoplasms|MO/*RT
- MeSH Heading
- Actuarial Analysis; Aged; Combined Modality Therapy;
Human; Male; Patient Selection; Radiotherapy,
High-Energy; Risk Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 8756-0437
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 47 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Endourological management of upper tract urothelial
tumors.
- Author
- Gerber GS; Lyon ES
- Address
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago,
Illinois.
- Source
- J Urol, 1993 Jul, 150:1, 2-7
- Abstract
- Advances in ureteroscopic and percutaneous
techniques have made it possible to treat many upper
tract malignancies by conservative, parenchyma sparing
surgery. Percutaneous techniques generally allow for
easier and better access to the renal pelvis and
improved tumor resection. However, concerns for tumor
spillage and nephrostomy tract seeding make the
ureteroscopic approach best for initial management of
accessible renal pelvic lesions, particularly when the
diagnosis is unclear. Ureteral tumors, especially
those arising in the lower third of the ureter, are
technically easier to treat endoscopically than are
renal pelvic tumors. Fulguration or laser
photocoagulation may be used to ablate the tumor
following cold-cup biopsy for histological diagnosis.
Supplemental therapy using laser treatment of the
tumor base, and postoperative instillation of BCG and
mitomycin C offer great potential benefit in terms of
improved tumor control. Confirmation of such benefit
awaits the results of larger trials. Presently,
standard nephroureterectomy remains the procedure of
choice for most transitional cell carcinomas of the
upper urinary tract in patients with a normal
contralateral kidney. For those with a solitary
kidney, renal insufficiency, bilateral tumors or
severe intercurrent disease preventing a major open
operation conservative management using endoscopic
techniques is a viable alternative. Overall, it
appears that grade and stage are far more important
determinants of long-term out-come than the type of
operation in those with transitional cell carcinoma of
the upper urinary tract. For this reason, some
physicians have recommended conservative management of
low grade, noninvasive lesions even in the face of a
normal opposite kidney. However, the majority of
patients with upper tract urothelial tumors are best
treated by nephroureterectomy, which leads to a low
risk of local recurrence and obviates the need for
rigorous postoperative upper tract surveillance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93287305
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell|*SU; Endoscopy|*;
Kidney Neoplasms|*SU; Punctures|*; Ureteral Neoplasms|*SU
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Kidney Pelvis
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0022-5347
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
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