Search For Connection Between Free Radicals & Heart Disease
Cancer & Biopsy
NLM database Documents
Record 1 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The role of oxidative stress in the genesis of heart disease [editorial]
- Author
- Singal PK; Khaper N; Palace V; Kumar D
- Address
-
- Source
- Cardiovasc Res, 1998 Dec, 40:3, 426-32
- Abstract
- Although researchers in radiation and cancer biology have known about the
existence of free radicals and their potential role in pathobiology for
several decades, cardiac biologists only began to take notice of these
noxious species in the 1970s. Exponential growth of free radical research
occurred after the discovery of superoxide dismutase in 1969. This
antioxidant enzyme is responsible for the dismutation of superoxide
radical--a free radical chain initiator. A fine balance between free
radicals and a variety of endogenous antioxidants is believed to exist. Any
disturbance in this equilibrium in favour of free radicals causes an
increase in oxidative stress and initiates subcellular changes leading to
cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Our knowledge about the role of free
radicals in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction is fast approaching the
point where newer therapies employing antioxidants are in sight.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99169633
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Heart Diseases|*ET/ME; Oxidative Stress|*
- MeSH Heading
- Free Radicals; Heart Failure, Congestive|ET; Human; Myocardial Diseases|ET;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- EDITORIAL; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0008-6363
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 2 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Peroxide plasma level in patients with coronary heart disease as a
possible indicator of ischemia during exercise test.
- Author
- Wysocki H; Kazmierczak M; Wykretowicz A
- Address
- Department of Intensive Therapy, Academy of Medicine, Poznan, Poland.
- Source
- Coron Artery Dis, 1993 Jul, 4:7, 645-7
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the possible changes in production of
free oxygen species during myocardial ischemia in the course of exercise
testing of ischemic coronary disease. METHODS: Exercise testing was
performed on 58 patients with suspected ischemic coronary disease. Plasma
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level was assayed according to Frew et al. (Anal
Chim Acta 1983, 155:139-150) in venous blood samples obtained before the
test, at submaximal and maximal work loads, and after 30 minutes of rest.
RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide plasma level significantly increased (P <
0.001) at maximal work load in patients with positive exercise test results.
Patients with negative exercise test results initially manifested a higher
H2O2 level that dropped during maximal work load. CONCLUSIONS: The rise in
plasma H2O2 level during myocardial ischemia indicates that intensification
of oxygen free radical production occurs. This may be the result of
hypoxanthine conversion by xanthine oxidase, catecholamine auto-oxidation,
polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation, and/or derangement within
mitochondrial electron transfer. The noticed difference between patients
with a positive exercise test and those diagnosed as without ischemia may be
of clinical relevance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94108711
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Disease|BL/*DI/ME; Exercise Test|*; Hydrogen Peroxide|*BL
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Female; Free Radicals; Human; Male; Middle Age; Reactive
Oxygen Species|ME; Reproducibility of Results
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0954-6928
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 3 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Lipoprotein oxidation: the 'fruit and vegetable gradient' and heart
disease.
- Author
- Gutteridge JM; Swain J
- Address
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Brompton National
Heart and Lung Hospital, London, England, UK.
- Source
- Br J Biomed Sci, 1993 Sep, 50:3, 284-8
- Abstract
- Coronary heart disease is a major cause of premature death in Western
societies. Oxidation of low density lipoproteins by oxygen free radicals
provides a molecular link to the development of atherosclerosis. Free
radical oxidations can usually be protected against by appropriate
antioxidants. Recent studies suggest epidemiological correlations exist
between the levels of plasma antioxidant vitamins and mortality from heart
disease.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94060790
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Heart Diseases|*ME/MO; Lipoproteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Free Radicals; Human; Risk Factors; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0967-4845
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 4 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Antioxidants and the prevention of coronary heart disease [see comments]
- Author
- Hoffman RM; Garewal HS
- Address
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center.
- Source
- Arch Intern Med, 1995 Feb, 155:3, 241-6
- Abstract
- Oxygen-free radical reactions have been implicated in many chronic disease
processes, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recent studies
of lipid metabolism have suggested that oxidative modification of
low-density lipoprotein accelerates atherogenesis. Micronutrient
antioxidants, including alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, however, can
neutralize oxygen-free radicals and inhibit low-density lipoprotein
oxidation. This review examines (1) the role of oxidized low-density
lipoprotein in atherogenesis, (2) the association between nutritional
antioxidant intake and atherosclerosis, and (3) observational and clinical
trial data on the effect of antioxidants in reducing the risk of coronary
heart disease. While evidence suggests that antioxidant supplements protect
against coronary heart disease, definitive recommendations await results
from ongoing randomized trials of primary and secondary prevention.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95134028
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antioxidants|*TU; Coronary Disease|ME/*PC
- MeSH Heading
- Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Human; Lipid Peroxidation;
Lipoproteins, LDL|ME; Randomized Controlled Trials
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0003-9926
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 5 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Allopurinol therapy of ischemic heart disease with infarct extension.
- Author
- Parmley LF; Mufti AG; Downey JM
- Address
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama,
Mobile 36617.
- Source
- Can J Cardiol, 1992 Apr, 8:3, 280-6
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Free radicals produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase
reaction in ischemia/reperfusion experiments have been proposed as
contributing to myocardial cell necrosis in acute myocardial infarction. In
this study, the hypothesis was tested that a commonly observed late phase of
necrosis, infarct extension, could be prevented by allopurinol, an inhibitor
of xanthine oxidase. STUDY DESIGN: Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase
inhibitor, was used with placebo in a double-blind randomized therapy study
in 140 patients with ischemic heart disease admitted to the authors'
hospital. Eighty-four had acute myocardial infarction and the remaining 56
had unstable angina. Of the 84 patients with infarction, 39 received
allopurinol treatment. If xanthine oxidase production of cytotoxic free
radical plays a major role in the pathogenesis of infarct extension,
blockade of the reaction with allopurinol should decrease the occurrence of
extension. RESULTS: Nineteen infarct extensions were observed; five (11%) in
the placebo group and 14 (36%) in the allopurinol. CONCLUSIONS: The
increased incidence of extension (P less than 0.007) in the treatment group
does not support the hypothesis that xanthine oxidase contributes to infarct
extension, which is consistent with recent reports that xanthine oxidase is
not a significant component of the human myocardium. These findings indicate
that allopurinol may actually be contraindicated in patients with ischemic
heart disease.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 92248525
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Allopurinol|PD/*TU; Angina, Unstable|*DT/EN/PA; Myocardial
Infarction|*DT/EN/PA
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes|ME; Double-Blind Method; Female;
Free Radicals|ME; Human; Male; Middle Age; Necrosis; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Xanthine Oxidase|AI/ME
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- ISSN
- 0828-282X
- Country of Publication
- CANADA
Record 6 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Peroxide plasma level in patients with coronary heart disease as a
possible indicator of ischemia during exercise test.
- Author
- Wysocki H; Kazmierczak M; Wykretowicz A
- Address
- Department of Intensive Therapy, Academy of Medicine, Poznan, Poland.
- Source
- Coron Artery Dis, 1993 Jul, 4:7, 645-7
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the possible changes in production of
free oxygen species during myocardial ischemia in the course of exercise
testing of ischemic coronary disease. METHODS: Exercise testing was
performed on 58 patients with suspected ischemic coronary disease. Plasma
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level was assayed according to Frew et al. (Anal
Chim Acta 1983, 155:139-150) in venous blood samples obtained before the
test, at submaximal and maximal work loads, and after 30 minutes of rest.
RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide plasma level significantly increased (P <
0.001) at maximal work load in patients with positive exercise test results.
Patients with negative exercise test results initially manifested a higher
H2O2 level that dropped during maximal work load. CONCLUSIONS: The rise in
plasma H2O2 level during myocardial ischemia indicates that intensification
of oxygen free radical production occurs. This may be the result of
hypoxanthine conversion by xanthine oxidase, catecholamine auto-oxidation,
polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation, and/or derangement within
mitochondrial electron transfer. The noticed difference between patients
with a positive exercise test and those diagnosed as without ischemia may be
of clinical relevance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94108711
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Disease|BL/*DI/ME; Exercise Test|*; Hydrogen Peroxide|*BL
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Female; Free Radicals; Human; Male; Middle Age; Reactive
Oxygen Species|ME; Reproducibility of Results
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0954-6928
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 7 from database: MEDLINE
Return
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- Title
- Lipoprotein oxidation: the 'fruit and vegetable gradient' and heart
disease.
- Author
- Gutteridge JM; Swain J
- Address
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Brompton National
Heart and Lung Hospital, London, England, UK.
- Source
- Br J Biomed Sci, 1993 Sep, 50:3, 284-8
- Abstract
- Coronary heart disease is a major cause of premature death in Western
societies. Oxidation of low density lipoproteins by oxygen free radicals
provides a molecular link to the development of atherosclerosis. Free
radical oxidations can usually be protected against by appropriate
antioxidants. Recent studies suggest epidemiological correlations exist
between the levels of plasma antioxidant vitamins and mortality from heart
disease.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94060790
Return
To Top
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Heart Diseases|*ME/MO; Lipoproteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Free Radicals; Human; Risk Factors; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0967-4845
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 8 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Endothelial dysfunction in coronary heart disease.
- Author
- McGorisk GM; Treasure CB
- Address
- Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta, GA
30322, USA.
- Source
- Curr Opin Cardiol, 1996 Jul, 11:4, 341-50
- Abstract
- Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the focal
accumulation of plaque (leukocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells,
lipids, and extracellular matrix) in the vessel wall that ultimately leads
to obstruction of the lumen through gradual progression, plaque rupture with
intraluminal thrombosis, or both. The "vulnerable" plaque is
smaller in size, richer in lipids, and more infiltrated with macrophages
than the stable fibromuscular lesion. Therefore, lowering the lipid or
macrophage pools stored in the plaque may stabilize the plaque and reduce
the risk for plaque rupture. Indeed, cholesterol-lowering trials have
yielded a significant reduction in acute cardiac events. Antithrombotic
therapy may further prevent acute coronary syndromes by altering the
consequences of plaque rupture. However, we need to address the earlier
stages of atherosclerosis, namely, endothelial dysfunction. Current
hypotheses concerning its pathogenesis focus on vascular endothelial injury,
the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein and its effects on the endothelium,
which set off a cascade or responses involving the complex interaction of
growth factors and cytokines leading to increased oxidative stress,
increased free radical formation, destruction of nitric oxide, endothelial
dysfunction, increased platelet aggregation, thrombosis, inflammation,
plaque formation, proteolysis, plaque fissure, and rupture.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 97034288
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Arteriosclerosis|ME/*PP/TH; Endothelium, Vascular|ME/*PP
- MeSH Heading
- Female; Human; Lipoproteins, LDL|ME; Male; Oxidative Stress
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0268-4705
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 9 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The isoprostane, 8-epi-PGF2 alpha, is accumulated in coronary arteries
isolated from patients with coronary heart disease.
- Author
- Reza Mehrabi M; Ekmekcioglu C; Tatzber F; Oguogho A; Ullrich R; Morgan A;
Tamaddon F; Grimm M; Glogar HD; Sinzinger H
- Address
- Department of Cardiology, University of Vienna, Austria. mmehrabi@pop3.kard.akh-wien.ac.at
- Source
- Cardiovasc Res, 1999 Aug, 43:2, 492-9
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In the present study we wanted to know whether 8-epi-PGF2
alpha, which belongs to the class of isoprostanes formed by free
radical-mediated peroxidation of arachidonic acid and arachidonyl-containing
phospholipids, is enriched in isolated coronary arteries of patients
suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD, n = 23) who received allograft
heart transplants as compared to vessels derived from patients with dilative
cardiomyopathy (CMP, n = 19) or from healthy heart donors (controls, n = 6).
METHODS: Sections from the isolated coronary arteries were analysed by
semiquantitative immunohistochemistry by determining the area and intensity
of positive reaction for 8-epi-PGF2 alpha in the vascular intima and media.
In addition, the 8-epi-PGF2 alpha content was determined using a specific
immunoassay after extraction and purification. RESULTS: The
immunohistochemical results indicated that 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is significantly
enriched in arteries from patients suffering from CHD as compared to CMP (P
< 0.0001). In controls, significantly less immunostaining was observed.
Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between semiquantitative
immunohistochemistry and radioimmunological determination was observed too.
CONCLUSIONS: From our findings we conclude that 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is
especially accumulated in coronary arteries from CHD patients and therefore
is likely to be involved in atherogenesis.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 20006761
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Disease|*ME/SU; Coronary Vessels|*CH
- MeSH Heading
- Analysis of Variance; Cardiomyopathy, Congestive|ME; Comparative Study;
Heart Transplantation; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Age;
Radioimmunoassay
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-6363
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 10 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The isoprostane, 8-epi-PGF2 alpha, is accumulated in coronary arteries
isolated from patients with coronary heart disease.
- Author
- Reza Mehrabi M; Ekmekcioglu C; Tatzber F; Oguogho A; Ullrich R; Morgan A;
Tamaddon F; Grimm M; Glogar HD; Sinzinger H
- Address
- Department of Cardiology, University of Vienna, Austria. mmehrabi@pop3.kard.akh-wien.ac.at
- Source
- Cardiovasc Res, 1999 Aug, 43:2, 492-9
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In the present study we wanted to know whether 8-epi-PGF2
alpha, which belongs to the class of isoprostanes formed by free
radical-mediated peroxidation of arachidonic acid and arachidonyl-containing
phospholipids, is enriched in isolated coronary arteries of patients
suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD, n = 23) who received allograft
heart transplants as compared to vessels derived from patients with dilative
cardiomyopathy (CMP, n = 19) or from healthy heart donors (controls, n = 6).
METHODS: Sections from the isolated coronary arteries were analysed by
semiquantitative immunohistochemistry by determining the area and intensity
of positive reaction for 8-epi-PGF2 alpha in the vascular intima and media.
In addition, the 8-epi-PGF2 alpha content was determined using a specific
immunoassay after extraction and purification. RESULTS: The
immunohistochemical results indicated that 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is significantly
enriched in arteries from patients suffering from CHD as compared to CMP (P
< 0.0001). In controls, significantly less immunostaining was observed.
Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between semiquantitative
immunohistochemistry and radioimmunological determination was observed too.
CONCLUSIONS: From our findings we conclude that 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is
especially accumulated in coronary arteries from CHD patients and therefore
is likely to be involved in atherogenesis.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 20006761
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Disease|*ME/SU; Coronary Vessels|*CH
- MeSH Heading
- Analysis of Variance; Cardiomyopathy, Congestive|ME; Comparative Study;
Heart Transplantation; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Age;
Radioimmunoassay
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-6363
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 11 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Antioxidants and coronary heart disease.
- Author
- van Poppel G; Kardinaal A; Princen H; Kok FJ
- Address
- Department of Epidemiology, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute,
Zeist, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Ann Med, 1994 Dec, 26:6, 429-34
- Abstract
- This review briefly summarizes the scientific evidence for a possible role
of antioxidants in the prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Antioxidants in our diet include vitamins E, C, and beta-carotene, whereas
selenium is an integral part of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione
peroxidase (GSHPx). Experimental evidence suggests that free-radical damage
and antioxidant defence may play an important role in the development of
coronary heart disease. Epidemiological studies have produced some
intriguing results, but have not indicated unequivocally that a high intake
of antioxidants leads to a decreased cardiovascular disease risk. We
conclude that the antioxidant atherosclerosis hypothesis is promising, but
that the results of long-term intervention studies are still to be awaited.
Preventive action based on antioxidant supplementation is therefore not
justifiable as yet. Nevertheless, the findings so far certainly do support
the recommendations for a varied diet rich in vegetables and fruit.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 95209827
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antioxidants|*; Coronary Disease|*PC
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Ascorbic Acid; Carotene; Diet; Fruit; Human; Intervention Studies;
Selenium; Vegetables; Vitamin E
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0785-3890
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 12 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The free radical system in ischemic heart disease.
- Author
- Chandra M; Chandra N; Agrawal R; Kumar A; Ghatak A; Pandey VC
- Address
- Department of Medicine, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, India.
- Source
- Int J Cardiol, 1994 Feb, 43:2, 121-5
- Abstract
- The present work was conducted to evaluate the oxygen free radical system
in 29 patients and comparing them with nine matched healthy controls of
acute and chronic myocardial ischemic syndromes. The parameters assessed for
oxidative stress were superoxide anion and malonyldialdehyde, and for the
antioxidant defence system were superoxide dismutase, catalase and
glutathione reductase. Both oxidative stress and the antioxidant defence
system were altered in myocardial ischemia. Subset analysis revealed that in
unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, superoxide anion,
malonyldialdehyde and glutathione reductase were elevated while superoxide
dismutase and catalase levels were reduced. In stable angina only increased
levels of superoxide anion and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase were
found. However, this alteration was less marked than in unstable angina and
acute myocardial infarction. In the post myocardial infarction group there
was no alteration in any of these parameters.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 94237620
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Free Radicals|*ME; Myocardial Ischemia|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Antioxidants|ME; Case-Control Studies; Female; Human; Lipid Peroxidation;
Male; Middle Age; Oxidation-Reduction
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0167-5273
- Country of Publication
- IRELAND
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