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Vitamin Connection, Inc.

Source

Item_No.	Manufacturer		Product				VC PRICE
JRW10003	Jarrow Formulas		Organic Germanium GE-132				29.55
5gm		Powder		36.95
JRW10001	Jarrow Formulas		Organic Germanium GE-132		100mg		21.55
30		Capsules		26.95
JRW10004	Jarrow Formulas		Organic Germanium GE-132		100mg		38.35
60		Capsules		47.95
JRW10005	Jarrow Formulas		Organic Germanium GE-132		150mg		28.40
30		Capsules		35.50
JRW10002	Jarrow Formulas		Organic Germanium GE-132		30mg		10.35
30		Capsules		12.95
OPN14421	Optimal Nutrients		Organic Germanium GE-132				61.55
10g		Powder		76.95
OPN14441	Optimal Nutrients		Organic Germanium GE-132		250mg		50.35
30		Capsules		62.95

Organic Germanium

The semi-conducting trace mineral germanium is present in all plants and animals. Organic Germanium- 132 is an oxygen-rich organic form of germanium which has been studied for its antiviral, immunostimulative and free-radical scavenging actions, and for supporting improved oxygen utilization. Organic germanium-132, technically bis-beta-carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide3 is also known as Ge-132. Germanium traces have been found in higher concentrations in healthy foods such as garlic, aloe, comfrey, watercress, ginseng, chlorella, shelf fungus, waternut, boxthorn seed, wisteria knob, and Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum). The average daily dietary intake of germanium is approximately .5 to 3 mg/day. 1

Organic Germanium-132, sold as a supplement by the name 'Ge-132', was first synthesized in 1967 by Kazuhiko Asaia, a Japanese scientist. 1 Since 1948, inorganic forms of industrial-grade germanium have been used commercially in the semi-conductor electronics industry. It is important to note industrial forms of inorganic germanium (elemental germanium and germanium dioxide) are different from organic germanium-132. Industrial forms of germanium are potentially toxic and are not sold as nutritional supplements. Optimal Nutrients sells only 100% pure Organic Ge-132.

Free Radical Protection

Antioxidant protection is important in controlling the mechanisms of inflammation, allergic reactions, and oxidation of LDL-cholesterol, which may otherwise escalate out of control. It also helps in disposal of the waste products created by the immune system fighting infections, by normal cellular metabolism, or by candida albicans and other sources of free radical toxins.

Studies have shown germanium- 132 protects cells against radiation damage in vitro. Since radiation damage is oxidative, this protection suggests germanium-132 has strong antioxidative activity. In studies on experimental animals given the compound prior to exposure to high-level radiation, germanium-132 was found to have free radical scavenging activity. 4

Germanium- 132 also raises the level of reduced glutathione, another free-radical scavenger, thereby affording even more protection against free radicals produced in the body.3

Additional Support for the Immune System

Germanium-132 may support the immune system through production of interferon, which is associated with activation of macrophages and T-suppressor cells, and enhancement of natural killer cell activity - which have all been observed in animals. Other evidence from routine toxicity testing on experimental animals suggests germanium- 132 stimulates the production of interferon and thus may have anticarcinogenic activity~ Interferon inhibits uncontrolled growth, while supporting the immune system. Studies have been completed on these indirect effects of germanium- 132, both in experimental laboratory animals and humans, with significant positive results. 2,4,9,11,12,13,14,15

Protecting Bone Density

Early evidence suggests organic germanium- 132 may be beneficial in protecting bone density. In a twelve month clinical study, elderly people taking germanium- 132 had significantly decreased parathyroid hormone levels at the end of 12 months, with increasing levels of bone mass. Bone mass continued to decrease in controls who did not receive germanium-132.16

Safety Factors and Toxicity

Organic Germanium-132 has been found to be safe and non-toxic even at high oral doses. Each batch must be assayed for composition and purity, and warranted free of germanium dioxide and acrilonitrile.

Details: No LD-50 has been detected for germanium-132. No animal died or showed any external symptoms or internal changes during acute toxicity studies, whether germanium-132 was given orally, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, at single doses to 40 mI/kg of liquid or daily doses of 5 to 10 gram/ kg solid. No life-threatening side effects have been reported to date in humans. In a 1976 study, thirty patients were given 2.1 grams of germanium- 132 daily for up to 8 weeks after surgery. Some patients had softening of the stool, which reversed within 3 weeks of discontinuation. Prolonged use in another group of patients resulted in some sleep disturbance and/or changes in mental function. When germanium-132 was discontinued, these complaints diminished. The validity of these reports has not been assessed in any long-term studies of healthy subjects. 1,6,7

There are no reports of germanium- 132 being carcinogenic. Evidence to date suggests when given to animals with various cancers, germanium- 132 enhances survival time, slows down tumor growth or retards the spread of metastases. Birth defect studies performed at the Japan Experimental Medical Research Institute showed no abnormalities in form or sex ratio, except at 4 gram/kg or more. No evidence of birth defects was found in a second trial on rats or rabbits, even when administered at a daily dosage 500 mg/kg intravenously or up to 4 gram/kg orally. 10 Suggested use is usually 100 to 200 mg per day. 16

References

1. Asai, K. Organic Germanium. Japan Publications: Tokyo, 1980.

2. Goodman, S. Therapeutic effects of organic germanium. Med Hypothesis. 1988: 26; 207-215.

3. Harisch, G. Glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes of the rat liver after different doses of Sanumgerman. ]st International Confrrcnce on Germanium. Lekim & Samochowiec (eds.) Semmelweis-Verlag, 1985.

4. Kidd, PM. Homeostatic normalizer and immunostimulant: a review of its preventive and therapeutic efficacy. Int C/in Nurr Rev., 1987: 7(1); 11-20.

5. Kobayashi. H., T. Komuro & Furue. Effect of combination immunochemotherapy with an organogermanium compound, Ge-i 32, and antitumor agents on C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). Gan Th Kagaku Ryoho, 1986:13(8); 2588-2593.

6. Miyao, K., T Onishi, F Suzuki, et al. Toxicology and phase I studies on a novel organogermanium compound, Ge-i32. Current Chemotherapy and Jnfrctious Disease. J.D. Nelson & C. Grassi, eds. Am Soc for Microbiology: Washington, DC. 1979: pp.1527-1529.

7. Mizushima, M., H. Satoh & K. Miyao. Some pharmacological and clinical aspects ofa novel organic germanium compound Ge-i 32.1st Jnternariona! Confrrence on Germanium. Lekim & Samochowiech, eds. Semmelweis-Verlag, 1985.

8. Nagai, H., Ilasegawa & Shimpo. Reproductive study of rats intraperitoneally treated with carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-i32). Pharmacometrics (Jap)., 1980: 20(2); 271-280.

9. Sato, I., T. Nishimura, N. Kakimoto, H. Suzuki & N. Tanaka. Presentation of pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma and activation of murine macrophages by a novel organic germanium compound, PCAGeS. ] Biol Response Mod, 1988: 7(1)1-5.

10. Shimp K. & N. Mon. Teratogenicity tests of. . . . (Ge-132) given during the period of organogenesis, in rabbit.

11. Suzuki, F Antitumor mechanisms of carboxyethyl-germanium sesquioxide (Ge-i32) in mice bearing Ebruch ascites tumors. Uapanese) Gan To Kagaku Ryoho Uapan J. Cancer Chemotherapy), 1987:14(1); 127-134.

12. Suzuki. Antitumor activity of Ge-132, a new organo germanium compound in mice is expressed through the functions of macrophages and T lymphocytes. Gan Th Kagaku Ryoho, 1985:12; 1445-1452.

13. Suzuki, F Suppression of tumor growth by peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice treated with carboxy-ethylgermanium sesquioxide. Gan ThKzgakuRyoho, 1985:12; 2122-2128.

14. Suzuki, G. & R.B. Pollard. Prevention ofsuppressed interferon gamma production in thermally injured mice by administration of a novel organogermanium compound, Ge-132. J Jnterftron Rei, 1984: 4; 223-233.

15. Suzuki, F, R.R. Brutkiewicz & R.B. Pollard. Cooperation of lymphokine(s) and macrophages in expression of antitumor activity of carboxyerhyl-germanium sesquioxide (Ge- 132). Anticancer Res., 1985:5; 479-483.

16. Germanium-i32 - Therapeutic Approaches, Senile Osteoporosis. HealthPlus, publ. by Sdi Systems, Inc.; distrib. Health Info Systems; 408-479-0227.

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