by Karl Loren
CAT Scan
CAT Scanning made easy
Introduction to CAT:
Computerized Axial Tomographic Scanning or CAT Scanning is an imaging technology that is used in both the medical field and different areas of reasearch. CAT scanners were first introduced in 1973. Further improvements have been made in CAT technology yeilding quicker scanning time and better images of objects such as density of organs and bones.
CAT, a scientific point of view:
How CAT works...
CAT produces 3-dimensional images of objects using x-rays. The scanner, made in the shape of a ring, contains an x-ray tube that circles the object. The object in the scanner is bombarded by x-rays from various angles and resulting information signals are then processed by a computer, yeilding cross sectional slices which then make up images.
Physics of CAT Scanning...
We will start by defining an x-ray. X-rays are electromagnetic waves generally having wavelengths between 10-8 m to 10-13 m. Most x-rays result from the deceleration of high energy electrons that bombard a metal object.
The Compton shift equation explains the scattering of x-rays from free electrons:
lambda' - lambdao = (h/mc)[1- cos(
)]
where h/mc = Compton wavelength = 0.00243nm
lambda' = shifted peak resulting form the scattering
lambdao = initial location
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